The Whole Catechism
All 129 questions and answers, Lord’s Day by Lord’s Day, for reading straight through. Choose a translation; your choice holds on every Lord’s Day page too.
Our Only Comfort
Lord’s Day 1Our Only Comfort
Watch & study1. What is your only comfort in life and in death?
That I am not my own, but belong body and soul, in life and in death to my faithful Savior, Jesus Christ. He has fully paid for all my sins with his precious blood, and has delivered me from the tyranny of the devil. He also watches over me in such a way that not a hair can fall from my head without the will of my Father in heaven; in fact, all things must work together for my salvation. Because I belong to him, Christ, by his Holy Spirit, also assures me of eternal life and makes me wholeheartedly willing and ready from now on to live for him.
1. What is thy only comfort in life and death?
That I with body and soul, both in life and death, am not my own, but belong unto my faithful Saviour Jesus Christ, who, with his precious blood, hath fully satisfied for all my sins, and delivered me from all the power of the devil; and so preserves me that without the will of my heavenly Father, not a hair can fall from my head; yea, that all things must be subservient to my salvation; and therefore, by his Holy Spirit, he also assures me of eternal life, and makes me sincerely willing and ready henceforth, to live unto him.
1. What is thy only comfort in life and in death?
That I, with body and soul, both in life and in death, am not my own, but belong to my faithful Saviour Jesus Christ, who with his precious blood has fully satisfied for all my sins, and redeemed me from all the power of the devil; and so preserves me that without the will of my Father in heaven not a hair can fall from my head; yea, that all things must work together for my salvation. Wherefore, by his Holy Spirit, he also assures me of eternal life, and makes me heartily willing and ready henceforth to live unto him.
1. Was ist dein einiger Trost im Leben und im Sterben?
Daß ich mit Leib und Seele, beides im Leben und im Sterben, nicht mein, sondern meines getreuen Heilandes Jesu Christi eigen bin, der mit seinem theuren Blute für alle meine Sünden vollkommen bezahlet, und mich aus aller Gewalt des Teufels erlöset hat; und also bewahret, daß ohne den Willen meines Vaters im Himmel kein Haar von meinem Haupte kann fallen, ja auch mir alles zu meiner Seligkeit dienen muß. Darum er mich auch durch seinen heiligen Geist des ewigen Lebens versichert, und ihm forthin zu leben von Herzen willig und bereit macht.
2. What must you know to live and die in the joy of this comfort?
Three: first, how great my sin and misery are; second, how I am delivered from all my sins and misery; third, how I am to thank God for such deliverance.
2. How many things are necessary for thee to know, that thou, enjoying this comfort, mayest live and die happily?
Three; the first, how great my sins and miseries are: the second, how I may be delivered from all my sins and miseries: the third, how I shall express my gratitude to God for such deliverance.
2. How many things are necessary for thee to know, that thou in this comfort mayest live and die happily?
Three things: First, the greatness of my sin and misery. Second, how I am redeemed from all my sins and misery. Third, how I am to be thankful to God for such redemption.
2. Wie viele Stücke sind dir nöthig zu wissen, daß du in diesem Troste seliglich leben und sterben mögest?
Drei Stücke: Erstlich, wie groß meine Sünde und Elend seien. Zum Andern, wie ich von allen meinen Sünden und Elend erlöset werde. Und zum Dritten, wie ich Gott für solche Erlösung soll dankbar sein.
Misery
Lord’s Day 2The Knowledge of Sin
Watch & study3. How do you come to know your misery?
The law of God tells me.
3. Whence knowest thou thy misery?
Out of the law of God.
3. Whence knowest thou thy misery?
Out of the Law of God.
3. Woher erkennest du dein Elend?
Aus dem Gesetz Gottes.
4. What does God’s law require of us?
Christ teaches us this in summary in Matt. 22:37-40
“You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind, and with all your strength.”1 This is the greatest and first commandment. And a second is like it: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.”2
On these two commandments hang all the Law and the Prophets.
4. What doth the law of God require of us?
Christ teaches us that briefly, Matt. 22:37-40. "Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, with all thy soul, with all thy mind, and with all thy strength. This is the first and the great command; and the second is like to this. Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. On these two commands hang the whole law and the prophets."
4. What does the Law of God require of us?
This Christ teaches us in sum, Matt. 22: Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind, and with all thy strength. This is the first and great commandment; and the second is like unto it: Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself.—On these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets.
4. Was erfordert denn das göttliche Gesetz von uns?
Dieß lehret uns Christus in einer Summa, Matthäi am 22sten: Du sollst lieben Gott, deinen Herrn, von ganzem Herzen, von ganzer Seele, von ganzem Gemüth und allen Kräften: dieß ist das vornehmste und größte Gebot. Das andere aber ist dem gleich: Du sollst deinen Nächsten lieben als dich selbst.—In diesen zweien Geboten hanget das ganze Gesetz und die Propheten.
5. Can you live up to this all perfectly?
No. I am inclined by nature to hate God and my neighbor.
5. Canst thou keep all these things perfectly?
In no wise; for I am prone by nature to hate God and my neighbour.
5. Canst thou keep all this perfectly?
No; for I am by nature prone to hate God and my neighbor.
5. Kannst du dieß Alles vollkommen halten?
Nein: denn ich bin von Natur geneigt, Gott und meinen Nächsten zu hassen.
Lord’s Day 3The Fall & Human Nature
Watch & study6. Did God create man so wicked and perverse?
No. God created man good and in his own image, that is, in true righteousness and holiness, so that he might truly know God his creator, love him with all his heart, and live with God in eternal happiness, for his praise and glory.
6. Did God then create man so wicked and perverse?
By no means; but God created man good, and after his own image, in righteousness, and true holiness, that he might rightly know God his Creator, heartily love him, and live with him in eternal happiness to glorify and praise him.
6. Did God create man thus wicked and perverse?
No; but God created man good, and after his own image—that is, in righteousness and true holiness; that he might rightly know God his Creator, heartily love him, and live with him in eternal blessedness, to praise and glorify him.
6. Hat denn Gott den Menschen also böse und verkehrt erschaffen?
Nein: sondern Gott hat den Menschen gut und nach seinem Ebenbild erschaffen, das ist, in wahrhaftiger Gerechtigkeit und Heiligkeit; auf daß er Gott seinen Schöpfer recht erkenne, und von Herzen liebe, und in ewiger Seligkeit mit ihm lebe, Ihn zu loben und zu preisen.
7. Then where does man’s corrupt nature come from?
From the fall and disobedience of our first parents, Adam and Eve, in Paradise. This fall has so poisoned our nature that we are all conceived and born in sin.
7. Whence then proceeds this depravity of human nature?
From the fall and disobedience of our first parents, Adam and Eve, in Paradise; hence our nature has become so corrupt, that we are all conceived and born in sin.
7. Whence, then, comes this depraved nature of man?
From the fall and disobedience of our first parents, Adam and Eve, in Paradise, whereby our nature became so corrupt that we are all conceived and born in sin.
7. Woher kommt denn solche verderbte Art des Menschen?
Aus dem Fall und Ungehorsam unserer ersten Eltern, Adam und Eva, im Paradies, da unsere Natur also vergiftet worden, daß wir Alle in Sünden empfangen und geboren werden.
8. But are we so corrupt that we are totally unable to do any good and inclined toward all evil?
Yes, unless we are born again by the Spirit of God.
8. Are we then so corrupt that we are wholly incapable of doing any good, and inclined to all wickedness?
Indeed we are, except we are regenerated by the Spirit of God.
8. But are we so far depraved that we are wholly unapt to any good, and prone to all evil?
Yes; unless we are born again by the Spirit of God.
8. Sind wir aber dermaßen verderbt, daß wir ganz und gar untüchtig sind zu einigem Guten und geneigt zu allem Bösen?
Ja: es sei denn, daß wir durch den Geist Gottes wiedergeboren werden.
Lord’s Day 4God’s Justice & Judgment
Watch & study9. But doesn’t God do man an injustice by requiring in his law what man is unable to do?
No, God created man with the ability to keep the law. Man, however, at the instigation of the devil, in willful disobedience, robbed himself and all his descendants of these gifts.
9. Doth not God then do injustice to man, by requiring from him, in his law, that which he cannot perform?
Not at all; for God made man capable of performing it; but man, by the instigation of the devil, and his own wilful disobedience, deprived himself and all his posterity of those divine gifts.
9. Does not God, then, wrong man by requiring of him in his law that which he can not perform?
No; for God so made man that he could perform it; but man, through the instigation of the devil, by willful disobedience deprived himself and all his posterity of this power.
9. Thut denn Gott dem Menschen nicht Unrecht, daß er in seinem Gesetz von ihm fordert, was er nicht thun kann?
Nein: denn Gott hat den Menschen also erschaffen, daß er es konnte thun. Der Mensch aber hat sich und alle seine Nachkommen, aus Anstiftung des Teufels, durch muthwilligen Ungehorsam derselbigen Gaben beraubet.
10. Will God permit such disobedience and rebellion to go unpunished?
Certainly not. He is terribly angry with the sin we are born with as well as our actual sins. God will punish them by a just judgment both now and in eternity, having declared: “Cursed is everyone who does not observe and obey all the things written in the book of the law.”
10. Will God suffer such disobedience and rebellion to go unpunished?
By no means: but is terribly displeased with our original as well as actual sins; and will punish them in his just judgment, temporally and eternally, as he hath declared, "Cursed is every one that continueth not in all things, which are written in the book of the law, to do them."
10. Will God suffer such disobedience and apostasy to go unpunished?
By no means; but he is terribly displeased with our inborn as well as actual sins, and will punish them in just judgment in time and eternity, as he has declared: Cursed is every one that continueth not in all things which are written in the book of the law, to do them.
10. Will Gott solchen Ungehorsam und Abfall ungestraft lassen hingehen?
Mit nichten: sondern Er zürnet schrecklich, beides über angeborne und wirkliche Sünden, und will sie aus gerechtem Urtheil zeitlich und ewig strafen, wie Er gesprochen hat: Verflucht sei jedermann, der nicht bleibet in allem dem, das geschrieben stehet im Buch des Gesetzes, daß er's thue.
11. But isn’t God also merciful?
God is certainly merciful, but he is also just. His justice demands that sin, committed against his supreme majesty, be punished with the supreme penalty— eternal punishment of body and soul.
11. Is not God then also merciful?
God is indeed merciful, but also just; therefore his justice requires, that sin, which is committed against the most high majesty of God, be also punished with extreme, that is, with everlasting punishment, both of body and soul.
11. Is, then, God not also merciful?
God is indeed merciful, but he is likewise just; wherefore his justice requires that sin, which is committed against the most high majesty of God, be also punished with extreme, that is, with everlasting punishment both of body and soul.
11. Ist denn Gott nicht auch barmherzig?
Gott ist wohl barmherzig, Er ist aber auch gerecht. Derhalben erfordert seine Gerechtigkeit, daß die Sünde, welche wider die allerhöchste Majestät Gottes begangen ist, auch mit der höchsten, das ist, der ewigen Strafe, an Leib und Seele gestraft werde.
Deliverance
Lord’s Day 5The Need for a Mediator
Watch & study12. According to God’s righteous judgment we deserve punishment both now and in eternity: how then can we escape this punishment and return to God’s favor?
God requires that his justice be satisfied. Therefore the claims of this justice must be paid in full, either by ourselves or by another.
12. Since then, by the righteous judgment of God, we deserve temporal and eternal punishment; is there no way by which we may escape that punishment, and be again received into favour?
God will have his justice satisfied: and therefore we must make this full satisfaction, either by ourselves, or by another.
12. Since, then, by the righteous judgment of God we deserve temporal and eternal punishment, what is required that we may escape this punishment and be again received into favor?
God wills that his justice be satisfied; therefore must we make full satisfaction to the same, either by ourselves or by another.
12. Dieweil wir denn nach dem gerechten Urtheil Gottes zeitliche und ewige Strafe verdienet haben: wie möchten wir dieser Strafe entgehen, und wiederum zu Gnaden kommen?
Gott will, daß seiner Gerechtigkeit genug geschehe; deßwegen müssen wir derselben entweder durch uns selbst, oder durch einen Andern vollkommene Bezahlung thun.
13. Can we make this payment ourselves?
Certainly not. Actually, we increase our debt every day.
13. Can we ourselves then make this satisfaction?
By no means; but on the contrary we daily increase our debt.
13. Can we ourselves make this satisfaction?
By no means; on the contrary, we daily increase our guilt.
13. Können wir aber durch uns selbst Bezahlung thun?
Mit nichten: sondern wir machen auch die Schuld noch täglich größer.
14. Can another creature—any at all—pay this debt for us?
No. To begin with, God will not punish any other creature for what a human is guilty of. Furthermore, no mere creature can bear the weight of God’s eternal wrath against sin and deliver others from it.
14. Can there be found anywhere, one who is a mere creature, able to satisfy for us?
None; for first, God will not punish any other creature for the sin which man hath committed; and further, no mere creature can sustain the burden of God's eternal wrath against sin, so as to deliver others from it.
14. Can any mere creature make satisfaction for us?
None; for, first, God will not punish, in any other creature, that of which man has made himself guilty; and, further, no mere creature can sustain the burden of God's eternal wrath against sin, and redeem others therefrom.
14. Kann aber irgend eine bloße Creatur für uns bezahlen?
Nein: denn erstlich will Gott an keiner andern Creatur strafen, was der Mensch verschuldet hat. Zum andern, so kann auch keine bloße Creatur die Last des ewigen Zornes Gottes wider die Sünde ertragen, und andere davon erlösen.
15. What kind of mediator and deliverer should we look for then?
One who is a true and righteous man, yet more powerful than all creatures, that is, one who is also true God.
15. What sort of a mediator and deliverer then must we seek for?
For one who is very man, and perfectly righteous; and yet more powerful than all creatures; that is, one who is also very God.
15. What manner of mediator and redeemer, then, must we seek?
One who is a true and sinless man, and yet more powerful than all creatures; that is, one who is at the same time true God.
15. Was müssen wir denn für einen Mittler und Erlöser suchen?
Einen solchen, der ein wahrer und gerechter Mensch, und doch stärker denn alle Creaturen, das ist, zugleich wahrer Gott sei.
Lord’s Day 6The True Mediator
Watch & study16. Why must the mediator be a true and righteous man?
Because God’s justice requires that human nature, which has sinned, must pay for its sin; but a sinner could never pay for others.
16. Why must he be very man, and also perfectly righteous?
Because the justice of God requires that the same human nature, which hath sinned, should likewise make satisfaction for sin; and one, who is himself a sinner, cannot satisfy for others.
16. Why must he be a true and sinless man?
Because the justice of God requires that the same human nature which has sinned should make satisfaction for sin; but no man, being himself a sinner, could satisfy for others.
16. Warum muß Er ein wahrer und gerechter Mensch sein?
Darum, weil die Gerechtigkeit Gottes erfordert, daß die menschliche Natur, die gesündiget hat, für die Sünde bezahle, aber Einer, der selbst ein Sünder wäre, nicht könnte für Andere bezahlen.
17. Why must he also be true God?
So that, by the power of his divinity, he might bear in his humanity the weight of God’s wrath, and earn for us and restore to us righteousness and life.
17. Why must he in one person be also very God?
That he might, by the power of his Godhead, sustain in his human nature, the burden of God's wrath; and might obtain for, and restore to us, righteousness and life.
17. Why must he be at the same time true God?
That by the power of his Godhead he might bear, in his manhood, the burden of God's wrath, and so obtain for and restore to us righteousness and life.
17. Warum muß Er zugleich wahrer Gott sein?
Daß er aus Kraft seiner Gottheit die Last des Zornes Gottes an seiner Menschheit ertragen, und uns die Gerechtigkeit und das Leben erwerben und wieder geben möchte.
18. Then who is this mediator—true God and at the same time a true and righteous man?
Our Lord Jesus Christ, who was given to us for our complete deliverance and righteousness.
18. Who then is that Mediator, who is in one person both very God, and a real righteous man?
Our Lord Jesus Christ: "who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption."
18. But who, now, is that mediator, who is at the same time true God and a true, sinless man?
Our Lord Jesus Christ, who is freely given unto us for complete redemption and righteousness.
18. Wer ist aber derselbe Mittler, der zugleich wahrer Gott und ein wahrer gerechter Mensch ist?
Unser Herr Jesus Christus, der uns zur vollkommenen Erlösung und Gerechtigkeit geschenkt ist.
19. How do you come to know this?
The holy gospel tells me. God himself began to reveal the gospel already in Paradise; later, he proclaimed it by the holy patriarchs and prophets and foreshadowed it by the sacrifices and other ceremonies of the law; and finally he fulfilled it through his own beloved Son.
19. Whence knowest thou this?
From the holy Gospel, which God himself revealed first in Paradise; and afterwards published by the Patriarchs and Prophets; and was pleased to represent, by the shadows of sacrifices and the other ceremonies of the law; and lastly, has accomplished by his only begotten Son.
19. Whence knowest thou this?
From the Holy Gospel, which God himself first revealed in Paradise, afterwards proclaimed by the holy Patriarchs and Prophets, and foreshadowed by the sacrifices and other ceremonies of the law, and finally fulfilled by his well-beloved Son.
19. Woher weißt du das?
Aus dem heiligen Evangelio, welches Gott selbst anfänglich im Paradies hat geoffenbaret, in der Folge durch die heiligen Erzväter und Propheten lassen verkündigen, und durch die Opfer und andere Ceremonien des Gesetzes vorgebildet, endlich aber durch seinen eingeliebten Sohn erfüllet.
Lord’s Day 7True Faith & The Gospel
Watch & study20. Are all people then saved through Christ just as they were lost through Adam?
No. Only those are saved who through true faith are grafted into Christ and accept all his benefits.
20. Are all men then, as they perished in Adam, saved by Christ?
No; only those who are ingrafted into him, and receive all his benefits by a true faith.
20. Are all men, then, saved by Christ, as they have perished by Adam?
No; only such as by true faith are ingrafted into him, and receive all his benefits.
20. Werden denn alle Menschen wiederum durch Christum selig, wie sie durch Adam sind verloren worden?
Nein: sondern allein diejenigen, die durch wahren Glauben ihm werden einverleibt, und alle seine Wohlthaten annehmen.
21. Question 21: What is true faith?
True faith is not only a sure knowledge by which I hold as true all that God has revealed to us in his Word; it is also a wholehearted trust, which the Holy Spirit works in me by the gospel, that God has freely granted, not only to others but to me also, forgiveness of sins, eternal righteousness, and salvation. These gifts are purely of grace, only because of Christ’s merit.
21. What is true faith?
True faith is not only a certain knowledge, whereby I hold for truth all that God has revealed to us in his word, but also an assured confidence, which the Holy Ghost works by the Gospel, in my heart; that not only to others, but to me also, remission of sin, everlasting righteousness and salvation, are freely given by God, merely of grace, only for the sake of Christ's merits.
21. What is true faith?
It is not only a certain knowledge whereby I hold for truth all that God has revealed to us in his Word, but also a hearty trust which the Holy Ghost works in me by the Gospel, that not only to others, but to me also, forgiveness of sins, everlasting righteousness and salvation, are freely given by God, merely of grace, only for the sake of Christ's merits.
21. Was ist wahrer Glaube?
Es ist nicht allein eine gewisse Erkenntniß, dadurch ich Alles für wahr halte, was uns Gott in seinem Worte hat geoffenbaret, sondern auch ein herzliches Vertrauen, welches der heilige Geist durch's Evangelium in mir wirket, daß nicht allein Andern, sondern auch mir Vergebung der Sünden, ewige Gerechtigkeit und Seligkeit von Gott geschenket sei, aus lauter Gnaden, allein um des Verdienstes Christi willen.
22. What then must a Christian believe?
All that is promised us in the gospel, a summary of which is taught us in the articles of our catholic and undoubted Christian faith.
22. What is then necessary for a Christian to believe?
All things promised us in the Gospel, which the articles of our Catholic undoubted Christian faith briefly teach us.
22. What is it, then, necessary for a Christian to believe?
All that is promised us in the Gospel, which the articles of our catholic, undoubted Christian faith teach us in sum.
22. Was ist aber einem Christen nöthig zu glauben?
Alles, was uns im Evangelio verheißen wird, welches uns die Artikel unseres allgemeinen ungezweifelten christlichen Glaubens in einer Summa lehren.
23. What are these articles?
I believe in God, the Father Almighty, Creator of heaven and earth. I believe in Jesus Christ, his only begotten Son, our Lord, who was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the virgin Mary; suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, dead, and buried; he descended into hell; the third day he rose again from the dead; he ascended to heaven, and sits at the right hand of God the Father Almighty; from there he will come to judge the living and the dead. I believe in the Holy Spirit; the holy catholic church; the communion of saints; the forgiveness of sins; the resurrection of the body; and the life everlasting. Amen.
23. What are these articles?
I. I believe in God, the Father Almighty, maker of heaven and earth:
II. And in Jesus Christ, his only begotten Son, our Lord:
III. Who was conceived by the Holy Ghost, born of the Virgin Mary:
IV. Suffered under Pontius Pilate; was crucified, dead and buried: He descended into hell:
V. The third day he rose again from the dead.
VI. He ascended into heaven, and sitteth at the right hand of God the Father Almighty:
VII. From thence he shall come to judge the quick and the dead.
VIII. I believe in the Holy Ghost:
IX. I believe in the holy Catholic Church: the communion of saints:
X. The forgiveness of sins:
XI. The resurrection of the body.
XII. And the life everlasting. Amen.
23. What are these Articles?
I believe in God the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth.
And in Jesus Christ, his only-begotten Son, our Lord: who was conceived by the Holy Ghost, born of the Virgin Mary; suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, dead, and buried; he descended into Hades; the third day he rose from the dead; he ascended into Heaven, and sitteth at the right hand of God the Father Almighty; from thence he shall come to judge the quick and the dead.
I believe in the Holy Ghost; the holy Catholic Church; the communion of saints; the forgiveness of sins; the resurrection of the body, and the life everlasting.
23. Wie lauten dieselben?
Ich glaube in Gott Vater, den Allmächtigen, Schöpfer Himmels und der Erden.
Und in Jesum Christum, seinen eingebornen Sohn, unsern Herrn; der empfangen ist von dem heiligen Geiste, geboren aus Maria der Jungfrau; gelitten unter Pontio Pilato, gekreuziget, gestorben und begraben; abgestiegen zu der Hölle; am dritten Tage wieder auferstanden von den Todten; aufgefahren gen Himmel; sitzet zu der Rechten Gottes, des allmächtigen Vaters; von dannen Er kommen wird zu richten die Lebendigen und die Todten.
Ich glaube in den heiligen Geist; eine heilige, allgemeine christliche Kirche; die Gemeinschaft der Heiligen; Vergebung der Sünden; Auferstehung des Fleisches, und ein ewiges Leben.
Lord’s Day 8The Holy Trinity
Watch & study24. How are these articles divided?
Into three parts:
God the Father and our creation; God the Son and our deliverance; and God the Holy Spirit and our sanctification.
24. How are these articles divided?
Into three parts; the first is of God the Father, and our creation; the second of God the Son, and our redemption; the third of God the Holy Ghost, and our sanctification.
24. How are these Articles divided?
Into three parts: The first is of God the Father and our creation; the second, of God the Son and our redemption; the third, of God the Holy Ghost and our sanctification.
24. Wie werden diese Artikel abgetheilt?
In drei Theile: Der erste ist von Gott dem Vater und unserer Erschaffung. Der andere von Gott dem Sohne und unserer Erlösung. Der dritte von Gott dem heiligen Geiste und unserer Heiligung.
25. Since there is only one divine being, (1) why do you speak of three: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit?
Because that is how God has revealed himself in his Word: these three distinct persons are one, true, eternal God.
25. Since there is but one only divine essence, why speakest thou of Father, Son, and Holy Ghost?
Because God hath so revealed himself in his word, that these three distinct persons are the one only true and eternal God.
25. Since there is but one Divine Being, why speakest thou of three, Father, Son, and Holy Ghost?
Because God has so revealed himself in his Word that these three distinct Persons are the one, true, eternal God.
25. Dieweil nur ein einig göttlich Wesen ist, warum nennest du drei, den Vater, Sohn und heiligen Geist?
Darum, weil sich Gott also in seinem Wort geoffenbaret hat, daß diese drei unterschiedlichen Personen der einige wahrhaftige ewige Gott sind.
Lord’s Day 9God the Father & Creation
Watch & study26. What do you believe when you say, “I believe in God, the Father Almighty, Creator of heaven and earth”?
That the eternal Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who out of nothing created heaven and earth and everything in them, who still upholds and rules them by his eternal counsel and providence, is my God and Father for the sake of Christ his Son. I trust God so much that I do not doubt he will provide whatever I need for body and soul, and will turn to my good whatever adversity he sends upon me in this vale of tears. He is able to do this because he is almighty God; he desires to do this because he is a faithful Father.
26. What believest thou when thou sayest, "I believe in God the Father Almighty, maker of heaven and earth?"
That the eternal Father of our Lord Jesus Christ (who of nothing made heaven and earth, with all that is in them: who likewise upholds and governs the same by his eternal counsel and providence), is for the sake of Christ his Son, my God and my Father; on whom I rely so entirely, that I have no doubt, but he will provide me with all things necessary for soul and body: and further, that he will make whatever evils he sends upon me, in this valley of tears, turn out to my advantage; for he is able to do it, being almighty God, and willing, being a faithful Father.
26. What dost thou believe when thou sayest: I believe in God the Father Almighty, Maker of Heaven and Earth?
That the eternal Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who of nothing made heaven and earth, with all that in them is, who likewise upholds and governs the same by his eternal counsel and providence, is for the sake of Christ his Son my God and my Father, in whom I so trust as to have no doubt that he will provide me with all things necessary for body and soul; and further, that whatever evil he sends upon me in this vale of tears, he will turn to my good; for he is able to do it, being Almighty God, and willing also, being a faithful Father.
26. Was glaubest du, wenn du sprichst: Ich glabe in Gott Vater, den Allmächtigen, Schöpfer Himmels und der Erden?
Daß der ewige Vater unsers Herrn Jesu Christi, der Himmel und Erde, sammt allem, was darinnen ist, aus nichts erschaffen, auch dieselbigen noch durch seinen ewigen Rath und Fürsehung erhält und regieret, um seines Sohnes Christi willen mein Gott und mein Vater sei, auf welchen ich also vertraue, daß ich nicht zweifle, Er werde mich mit aller Nothdurft Leibes und der Seele versorgen, auch alles Uebel, so Er mir in diesem Jammerthal zuschicket, mir zu gut wenden, dieweil Er's thun kann, als ein allmächtiger Gott, und auch thun will, als ein getreuer Vater.
Lord’s Day 10God’s Providence
Watch & study27. What do you understand by the providence of God?
Providence is the almighty and ever present power of God by which God upholds, as with his hand, heaven and earth and all creatures, and so rules them that leaf and blade, rain and drought, fruitful and lean years, food and drink, health and sickness, prosperity and poverty— all things, in fact, come to us not by chance but by his fatherly hand.
27. What dost thou mean by the providence of God?
The almighty and every where present power of God; whereby, as it were by his hand, he upholds and governs heaven, earth, and all creatures; so that herbs and grass, rain and drought, fruitful and barren years, meat and drink, health and sickness, riches and poverty, yea, and all things come not by chance, but by his fatherly hand.
27. What dost thou understand by the Providence of God?
The almighty and every where present power of God, whereby, as it were by his hand, he still upholds heaven and earth, with all creatures, and so governs them that herbs and grass, rain and drought, fruitful and barren years, meat and drink, health and sickness, riches and poverty, yea, all things, come not by chance, but by his fatherly hand.
27. Was verstehst du unter der Fürsehung Gottes?
Die allmächtige und gegenwärtige Kraft Gottes, durch welche Er Himmel und Erde, sammt allen Creaturen, gleich als mit seiner Hand noch erhält, und also regieret, daß Laub und Gras, Regen und Dürre, fruchtbare und unfruchtbare Jahre, Essen und Trinken, Gesundheit und Krankheit, Reichtum und Armuth, und alles nicht von ohngefähr, sondern von seiner väterlichen Hand uns zukomme.
28. How does the knowledge of God’s creation and providence help us?
We can be patient in adversity, thankful in prosperity, and for the future we can have good confidence in our faithful God and Father that no creature will separate us from his love. For all creatures are so completely in his hand that without his will they can neither move nor be moved.
28. What advantage is it to us to know that God has created, and by his providence doth still uphold all things?
That we may be patient in adversity; thankful in prosperity; and that in all things, which may hereafter befall us, we place our firm trust in our faithful God and Father, that nothing shall separate us from his love: since all creatures are so in his hand that without his will they cannot so much as move.
28. What does it profit us to know that God has created, and by his providence still upholds all things?
That we may be patient in adversity, thankful in prosperity, and for what is future have good confidence in our faithful God and Father that no creature shall separate us from his love, since all creatures are so in his hand that without his will they can not so much as move.
28. Was für Nutzen bekommen wir aus der Erkenntniß der Schöpfung und Fürsehung Gottes?
Daß wir in aller Widerwärtigkeit geduldig, in Glückseligkeit dankbar, und auf's Zukünftige guter Zuversicht zu unserm getreuen Gott und Vater sein sollen, daß uns keine Creatur von seiner Liebe scheiden wird, dieweil alle Creaturen also in seiner Hand sind, daß sie sich ohne seinen Willen auch nicht regen noch bewegen können.
Lord’s Day 11The Name Jesus
Watch & study29. Why is the Son of God called “Jesus,” meaning “savior”?
Because he saves us from our sins; and because salvation is not to be sought or found in anyone else.
29. Why is the Son of God called Jesus, that is a Saviour?
Because he saveth us, and delivereth us from our sins; and likewise, because we ought not to seek, neither can find salvation in any other.
29. Why is the Son of God called Jesus, that is, Saviour?
Because he saves us from our sins; and no salvation is to be either sought or found in any other.
29. Warum wird der Sohn Gottes Jesus, das ist, Seligmacher, genannt?
Darum, weil er uns selig macht von unsern Sünden, und weil bei keinem Andern einige Seligkeit zu suchen noch zu finden ist.
30. Do those who look for their salvation and security in saints, in themselves, or elsewhere really believe in the only savior Jesus?
No. Although they boast of being his, by their actions they deny the only savior, Jesus. Either Jesus is not a perfect savior, or those who in true faith accept this savior have in him all they need for their salvation.
30. Do such then believe in Jesus the only Saviour, who seek their salvation and happiness of saints, of themselves, or any where else?
They do not; for though they boast of him in words, yet in deeds they deny Jesus the only deliverer and Saviour; for one of these two things must be true, that either Jesus is not a complete Saviour; or that they, who by a true faith receive this Saviour, must find all things in him necessary to their salvation.
30. Do such, then, believe in the only Saviour Jesus who seek their salvation and welfare of saints, of themselves, or any where else?
No; although they may make their boast of him, yet in act they deny the only Saviour Jesus. For either Jesus is not a complete Saviour, or they who by true faith receive this Saviour must have in him all that is necessary to their salvation.
30. Glauben denn die auch an den einigen Seligmacher Jesum, die ihre Seligkeit und Heil bei Heiligen, bei sich selbst, oder anderswo suchen?
Nein: sondern sie verläugnen mit der That den einigen Seligmacher und Heiland Jesum, ob sie sich sein gleich rühmen. Denn entweder Jesus nicht ein vollkommener Heiland sein kann, oder die diesen Heiland mit wahrem Glauben annehmen, müssen alles in Ihm haben, das zu ihrer Seligkeit vonnöthen ist.
Lord’s Day 12The Name Christ
Watch & study31. Why is he called “Christ,” meaning “anointed”?
Because he has been ordained by God the Father and has been anointed with the Holy Spirit to be our chief prophet and teacher who fully reveals to us the secret counsel and will of God concerning our deliverance; our only high priest who has delivered us by the one sacrifice of his body, and who continually intercedes for us before the Father; and our eternal king who governs us by his Word and Spirit, and who guards us and keeps us in the deliverance he has won for us.
31. Why is he called Christ, that is, anointed?
Because he is ordained of God the Father, and anointed with the Holy Ghost, to be our chief Prophet and teacher; who has fully revealed to us the secret counsel and will of God concerning our redemption; and to be our only High Priest, who by the one sacrifice of his body has redeemed us, and makes continual intercession with the Father for us; and also to be our eternal King, who governs us by his word and Spirit, and who defends and preserves us in (the enjoyment of) that salvation, he has purchased for us.
31. Why is he called Christ, that is, Anointed?
Because he is ordained of God the Father, and anointed with the Holy Ghost, to be our chief Prophet and Teacher, who fully reveals to us the secret counsel and will of God concerning our redemption; and our only High Priest, who by the one sacrifice of his body has redeemed us, and ever liveth to make intercession for us with the Father; and our eternal King, who governs us by his Word and Spirit, and defends and preserves us in the redemption obtained for us.
31. Warum ist Er Christus, das ist, ein Gesalbter, genannt?
Weil Er von Gott dem Vater verordnet und mit dem heiligen Geiste gesalbet ist zu unserm obersten Propheten und Lehrer, der uns den heimlichen Rath und Willen Gottes von unserer Erlösung vollkommen offenbaret; und zu unserm einigen Hohenpriester, der uns mit dem einigen Opfer seines Leibes erlöset hat, und immerdar mit seiner Fürbitte vor dem Vater vertritt; und zu unserm ewigen König, der uns mit seinem Wort und Geist regieret, und bei der erworbenen Erlösung schützet und erhält.
32. But why are you called a Christian?
Because by faith I am a member of Christ and so I share in his anointing. I am anointed to confess his name, to present myself to him as a living sacrifice of thanks, to strive with a free conscience against sin and the devil in this life, and afterward to reign with Christ over all creation for eternity.
32. But why art thou called a Christian?
Because I am a member of Christ by faith, and thus am partaker of his anointing; that so I may confess his name and present myself a living sacrifice of thankfulness to him: and also that with a free and good conscience I may fight against sin and Satan in this life: and afterwards I reign with him eternally over all creatures.
32. But why art thou called a Christian?
Because by faith I am a member of Christ, and thus a partaker of his anointing; in order that I also may confess his name, may present myself a living sacrifice of thankfulness to him, and may with free conscience fight against sin and the devil in this life, and hereafter, in eternity, reign with him over all creatures.
32. Warum wirst aber du ein Christ genannt?
Weil ich durch den Glauben ein Glied Christi, und also seiner Salbung theilhaftig bin, auf daß auch ich seinen Namen bekenne, mich Ihm zu einem lebendigen Dankopfer darstelle, und mit freiem Gewissen in diesem Leben wider die Sünde und Teufel streite, und hernach in Ewigkeit mit Ihm über alle Creaturen herrsche.
Lord’s Day 13The Only Begotten Son
Watch & study33. Why is he called God’s “only begotten Son” when we also are God’s children?
Because Christ alone is the eternal, natural Son of God. We, however, are adopted children of God— adopted by grace for the sake of Christ.
33. Why is Christ called the only begotten Son of God, since we are also the children of God?
Because Christ alone is the eternal and natural Son of God; but we are children adopted of God, by grace, for his sake.
33. Why is he called God's only-begotten Son, since we also are the children of God?
Because Christ alone is the eternal natural Son of God; but we are children of God by adoption through grace for his sake.
33. Warum heißt Er Gottes eingeborener Sohn, so doch wir auch Gottes Kinder sind?
Darum, weil Christus allein der ewige natürliche Sohn Gottes ist, wir aber um seinetwillen aus Gnaden zu Kindern Gottes angenommen sind.
34. Why do you call him “our Lord”?
Because— not with gold or silver, but with his precious blood— he has delivered and purchased us body and soul from sin and from the tyranny of the devil, to be his very own.
34. Wherefore callest thou him our Lord?
Because he hath redeemed us both soul and body, from all our sins, not with gold or silver, but with his precious blood, and hath delivered us from all the power of the devil; and thus hath made us his own property.
34. Why callest thou him our Lord?
Because, not with silver or gold, but with his precious blood, he has redeemed and purchased us, body and soul, from sin and from all the power of the devil, to be his own.
34. Warum nennest du Ihn unsern Herrn?
Weil Er uns mit Leib und Seele von der Sünde und aus aller Gewalt des Teufels nicht mit Gold oder Silber, sondern mit seinem theuren Blut ihm zum Eigenthum erlöset und erkaufet hat.
Lord’s Day 14The Incarnation
Watch & study35. What does it mean that he “was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the virgin Mary”?
That the eternal Son of God, who is and remains true and eternal God, took to himself, through the working of the Holy Spirit, from the flesh and blood of the virgin Mary, a true human nature so that he might also become David’s true descendant, like his brothers in all things except for sin.
35. What is the meaning of these words, "He was conceived by the Holy Ghost, born of the Virgin Mary?"
That God's eternal Son, who is, and continueth true and eternal God, took upon him the very nature of man, of the flesh and blood of the Virgin Mary, by the operation of the Holy Ghost; that he might also be the true seed of David like unto his brethren in all things, sin excepted.
35. What is the meaning of Conceived by the Holy Ghost, born of the Virgin Mary?
That the eternal Son of God, who is and continues true and eternal God, took upon him the very nature of man, of the flesh and blood of the Virgin Mary, by the operation of the Holy Ghost, so that he also might be the true seed of David, like unto his brethren in all things, sin excepted.
35. Was heißt, daß Er empfangen ist von dem heiligen Geist, geboren aus Maria der Jungfrau?
Daß der ewige Sohn Gottes, der wahrer und ewiger Gott ist und bleibet, wahre menschliche Natur aus dem Fleisch und Blut der Jungfrau Maria, durch Wirkung des heiligen Geistes, an sich genommen hat, auf daß Er auch der wahre Same Davids sei, seinen Brüdern in allem gleich, ausgenommen die Sünde.
36. How does the holy conception and birth of Christ benefit you?
He is our mediator and, in God’s sight, he covers with his innocence and perfect holiness my sin, in which I was conceived.
36. What profit dost thou receive by Christ's holy conception and nativity?
That he is our mediator; and with his innocence and perfect holiness, covers in the sight of God, my sins, wherein I was conceived and brought forth.
36. What benefit dost thou receive from the holy conception and birth of Christ?
That he is our Mediator, and with his innocence and perfect holiness covers, in the sight of God, my sin wherein I was conceived.
36. Was für Nutzen bekommst du aus der heiligen Empfängniß und Geburt Christi?
Daß Er unser Mittler ist, und mit seiner Unschuld und vollkommenen Heiligkeit meine Sünde, darin ich bin empfangen, vor Gottes Angesicht bedecket.
Lord’s Day 15The Suffering of Christ
Watch & study37. What do you understand by the word “suffered”?
That during his whole life on earth, but especially at the end, Christ sustained in body and soul the wrath of God against the sin of the whole human race. This he did in order that, by his suffering as the only atoning sacrifice, he might deliver us, body and soul, from eternal condemnation, and gain for us God’s grace, righteousness, and eternal life.
37. What dost thou understand by the words, "He suffered?"
That he, all the time that he lived on earth, but especially at the end of his life, sustained in body and soul, the wrath of God against the sins of all mankind: that so by his passion, as the only propitiatory sacrifice, he might redeem our body and soul from everlasting damnation, and obtain for us the favour of God, righteousness and eternal life.
37. What dost thou understand by the word Suffered?
That all the time he lived on earth, but especially at the end of his life, he bore, in body and soul, the wrath of God against the sin of the whole human race, in order that by his passion, as the only atoning sacrifice, he might redeem our body and soul from everlasting damnation, and obtain for us the grace of God, righteousness, and eternal life.
37. Was verstehst du unter dem Wörtlein: Gelitten?
Daß Er an Leib und Seele die ganze Zeit seines Lebens auf Erden, sonderlich aber am Ende desselben, den Zorn Gottes wider die Sünde des ganzen menschlichen Geschlechts getragen hat, auf daß Er mit seinem Leiden, als mit dem einigen Sühnopfer, unsern Leib und Seele von der ewigen Verdammniß erlösete, und uns Gottes Gnade, Gerechtigkeit und ewiges Leben erwürbe.
38. Why did he suffer “under Pontius Pilate” as judge?
So that he, though innocent, might be condemned by an earthly judge, and so free us from the severe judgment of God that was to fall on us.
38. Why did he suffer under Pontius Pilate, as his judge?
That he, being innocent, and yet condemned by a temporal judge, might thereby free us from the severe judgment of God to which we were exposed.
38. Why did he suffer under Pontius Pilate, as judge?
That he, being innocent, might be condemned by the temporal judge, and thereby deliver us from the severe judgment of God to which we were exposed.
38. Warum hat Er under dem Richter Pontio Pilato gelitten?
Auf daß Er urschuldig unter dem weltlichen Richter verdammet würde, und uns damit von dem strengen Urtheil Gottes, das über uns ergehen sollte, erledigte.
39. Is it significant that he was “crucified” instead of dying some other way?
Yes. By this death I am convinced that he shouldered the curse which lay on me, since death by crucifixion was cursed by God.
39. Is there any thing more in his being crucified than if he had died some other death?
Yes [there is]; for thereby I am assured, that he took on him the curse which lay upon me; for the death of the cross was accursed of God.
39. Is there any thing more in his having been crucified than if he had died some other death?
Yes; for thereby I am assured that he took on himself the curse which lay upon me, because the death of the cross was accursed of God.
39. Ist es etwas mehr, daß Er ist gekreuziget worden, denn so Er eines andern Todes gestorben wäre?
Ja: denn dadurch bin ich gewiß, daß Er die Vermaledeiung, die auf mir lag, auf sich geladen habe, dieweil der Tod des Kreuzes von Gott verflucht war.
Lord’s Day 16Death & Burial
Watch & study40. Why did Christ have to suffer death?
Because God’s justice and truth require it: nothing else could pay for our sins except the death of the Son of God.
40. Why was it necessary for Christ to humble himself even unto death?
Because with respect to the justice and truth of God, satisfaction for our sins could be made no otherwise than by the death of the Son of God.
40. Why was it necessary for Christ to suffer death?
Because, by reason of the justice and truth of God, satisfaction for our sins could be made no other wise than by the death of the Son of God.
40. Warum hat Christus den Tod müssen leiden?
Darum, weil wegen der Gerechtigkeit und Wahrheit Gottes nicht anders für unsere Sünden möchte bezahlet werden, denn durch den Tod des Sohnes Gottes.
41. Why was he “buried”?
His burial testifies that he really died.
41. Why was he also "buried?"
Thereby to prove that he was really dead.
41. Why was he buried?
To show thereby that he was really dead.
41. Warum ist Er begraben worden?
Damit zu bezeugen, daß Er wahrhaftig gestorben sei.
42. Since Christ has died for us, why do we still have to die?
Our death is not a payment for our sins, but only a dying to sins and an entering into eternal life.
42. Since then Christ died for us, why must we also die?
Our death is not a satisfaction for our sins, but only an abolishing of sin, and a passage into eternal life.
42. Since, then, Christ died for us, why must we also die?
Our death is not a satisfaction for our sin, but only a dying to sins and entering into eternal life.
42. Weil denn Christus für uns gestorben ist, wie kommt's, daß wir auch sterben müssen?
Unser Tod ist nicht eine Bezahlung für unsere Sünde, sondern nur eine Absterbung der Sünden, und Eingang zum ewigen Leben.
43. What further benefit do we receive from Christ’s sacrifice and death on the cross?
By his power our old man is crucified, put to death, and buried with him, so that the evil desires of the flesh may no longer rule us, but that instead we may offer ourselves as a sacrifice of thanksgiving to him.
43. What further benefit do we receive from the sacrifice and death of Christ on the cross?
That by virtue thereof, our old man is crucified, dead, and buried with him; that so the corrupt inclinations of the flesh may no more reign in us; but that we may offer ourselves unto him a sacrifice of thanksgiving.
43. What further benefit do we receive from the sacrifice and death of Christ on the cross?
That by his power our old man is with him crucified, slain, and buried; that so the evil lusts of the flesh may no more reign in us, but that we may offer ourselves unto him a sacrifice of thanksgiving.
43. Was bekommen wir mehr für Nutzen aus dem Opfer und Tod Christi am Kreuz?
Daß durch seine Kraft unser alter Mensch mit Ihm gekreuziget, getödtet und begraben wird, auf daß die bösen Lüste des Fleisches nicht mehr in uns regieren, sondern daß wir uns selbst Ihm zur Danksagung aufopfern.
44. Why does the creed add, “He descended into hell”?
To assure me during attacks of deepest dread and temptation that Christ my Lord, by suffering unspeakable anguish, pain, and terror of soul, on the cross but also earlier, has delivered me from hellish anguish and torment.
44. Why is there added, "he descended into hell?"
That in my greatest temptations, I may be assured, and wholly comfort myself in this, that my Lord Jesus Christ, by his inexpressible anguish, pains, terrors, and hellish agonies, in which he was plunged during all his sufferings, but especially on the cross, hath delivered me from the anguish and torments of hell.
44. Why is it added: He descended into Hades?
That in my greatest temptations I may be assured that Christ, my Lord, by his inexpressible anguish, pains, and terrors which he suffered in his soul on the cross and before, has redeemed me from the anguish and torment of hell.
44. Warum folget: Abgestiegen zu der Hölle?
Daß ich in meinen höchsten Anfechtungen versichert sei, mein Herr Christus habe mich durch seine unaussprechliche Angst, Schmerzen und Schrecken, die Er auch an seiner Seele am Kreuz und zuvor erlitten, vor der höllischen Angst und Pein erlöset.
Lord’s Day 17The Resurrection
Watch & study45. How does Christ’s resurrection benefit us?
First, by his resurrection he has overcome death, so that he might make us share in the righteousness he obtained for us by his death. Second, by his power we too are already raised to a new life. Third, Christ’s resurrection is a sure pledge to us of our blessed resurrection.
45. What doth the resurrection of Christ profit us?
First, by his resurrection he hath overcome death, that he might make us partakers of that righteousness which he had purchased for us by his death; secondly, we are also by his power raised up to a new life; and lastly, the resurrection of Christ is a sure pledge of our blessed resurrection.
45. What benefit do we receive from the resurrection of Christ?
First, by his resurrection he has overcome death, that he might make us partakers of the righteousness which by his death he has obtained for us. Secondly, we also are now by his power raised up to a new life. Thirdly the resurrection of Christ is to us a sure pledge of our blessed resurrection.
45. Was nützet uns die Auferstehung Christi?
Erstlich hat Er durch seine Auferstehung den Tod überwunden, daß Er uns der Gerechtigkeit, die Er uns durch seinen Tod erworben hat, könnte theilhaftig machen. Zum andern werden auch wir jetzt durch seine Kraft erwecket zu einem neuen Leben. Zum dritten ist uns die Auferstehung Christi ein gewisses Pfand unserer seligen Auferstehung.
Lord’s Day 18The Ascension
Watch & study46. What do you mean by saying, “He ascended to heaven”?
That Christ, while his disciples watched, was taken up from the earth into heaven and remains there on our behalf until he comes again to judge the living and the dead.
46. How dost thou understand these words, "he ascended into heaven?"
That Christ, in sight of his disciples, was taken up from earth into heaven; and that he continues there for our interest, until he come again to judge the quick and the dead.
46. How dost thou understand the words, He ascended into Heaven?
That Christ, in sight of his disciples, was taken up from the earth into heaven, and in our behalf there continues, until he shall come again to judge the living and the dead.
46. Wie verstehst du [dieß], daß Er ist gen Himmel gefahren?
Daß Christus vor den Augen seiner Jünger ist von der Erde aufgehoben gen Himmel, und uns zu gut daselbst ist, bis daß Er wiederkommt zu richten die Lebendigen und die Todten.
47. But isn’t Christ with us until the end of the world as he promised us? (1)
Christ is true man and true God. In his human nature Christ is not now on earth; but in his divinity, majesty, grace, and Spirit he is never absent from us.
47. Is not Christ then with us even to the end of the world, as he hath promised?
Christ is very man and very God: with respect to his human nature, he is no more on earth; but with respect to his Godhead, majesty, grace and Spirit, he is at no time absent from us.
47. Is not, then, Christ with us even unto the end of the world, as he has promised?
Christ is true Man and true God: according to his human nature, he is now not upon earth; but according to his Godhead, majesty, grace, and Spirit, he is at no time absent from us.
47. Ist denn Christus nicht bei uns bis an's Ende der Welt, wie Er uns verhießen hat?
Christus ist wahrer Mensch und wahrer Gott: nach seiner menschlichen Natur ist Er jetzt nicht auf Erden, aber nach seiner Gottheit, Majestät, Gnade und Geist weicht Er nimmer von uns.
48. If his humanity is not present wherever his divinity is, then aren’t the two natures of Christ separated from each other?
Certainly not. Since divinity is not limited and is present everywhere, it is evident that Christ’s divinity is surely beyond the bounds of the humanity that has been taken on, but at the same time his divinity is in and remains personally united to his humanity.
48. But if his human nature is not present, wherever his Godhead is, are not then these two natures in Christ separated from one another?
Not at all; for since the Godhead is incomprehensible and omnipresent, it must necessarily follow that the same is not limited with the human nature he assumed, and yet remains personally united to it.
48. But are not, in this way, the two natures in Christ separated from one another, if the Manhood be not wherever the Godhead is?
By no means; for since the Godhead is incomprehensible and every where present, it must follow that it is indeed beyond the bounds of the Manhood which it has assumed, but is yet none the less in the same also, and remains personally united to it.
48. Werden aber auf diese Weise die zwei Naturen in Christo nicht von einander getrennt, so die Menschheit nicht überall ist, da die Gottheit ist?
Mit nichten: denn weil die Gottheit unbegreiflich und allenthalben gegenwärtig ist, so muß folgen, daß sie wohl außerhalb ihrer angenommenen Menschheit, und dennoch nichts desto weniger auch in derselben ist, und persönlich mit ihr vereiniget bleibt.
49. How does Christ’s ascension to heaven benefit us?
First, he is our advocate in heaven in the presence of his Father. Second, we have our own flesh in heaven as a sure pledge that Christ our head will also take us, his members, up to himself. Third, he sends his Spirit to us on earth as a corresponding pledge. By the Spirit’s power we seek not earthly things but the things above, where Christ is, sitting at God’s right hand.
49. Of what advantage to us is Christ's ascension into heaven?
First that he is our advocate in the presence of his Father in heaven; secondly, that we have our flesh in heaven, as a sure pledge that he, as the head, will also take up to himself us, his members; thirdly, that he sends us his Spirit as an earnest, by whose power we "seek the things which are above, where Christ sitteth on the right hand of God, and not things on earth."
49. What benefit do we receive from Christ's ascension into heaven?
First, that he is our Advocate in the presence of his Father in heaven. Secondly, that we have our flesh in heaven, as a sure pledge that he, as the Head, will also take us, his members, up to himself. Thirdly, that he sends us his Spirit, as an earnest, by whose power we seek those things which are above, where Christ sitteth on the right hand of God, and not things on the earth.
49. Was nützet uns die Himmelfahrt Christi?
Erstlich, daß Er im Himmel vor dem Angesicht seines Vaters unser Fürsprecher ist. Zum andern, daß wir unser Fleisch im Himmel zu einem sichern Pfand haben, daß Er, als das Haupt, uns, seine Gleider, auch zu sich werde hinauf nehmen. Zum dritten, daß Er uns seinen Geist zum Gegenpfand herab sendet, durch welches Kraft wir suchen, was droben ist, da Christus ist, sitzend zur Rechten Gottes, und nicht, das auf Erden ist.
Lord’s Day 19Christ at the Right Hand
Watch & study50. Why the next words: “and sits at the right hand of God”?
Christ ascended to heaven, there to show that he is head of his church, the one through whom the Father governs all things.
50. Why is it added "and sitteth at the right hand of God?"
Because Christ is ascended into heaven for this end, that he might there appear as head of his Church, by whom the Father governs all things.
50. Why is it added, And sitteth at the right hand of God?
Because Christ ascended into heaven for this end, that he might there appear as Head of his Church, by whom the Father governs all things.
50. Warum wird hinzugesetzt, daß Er sitze zur Rechten Gottes?
Weil Christus darum gen Himmel gefahren ist, daß Er sich daselbst erzeige als das Haupt seiner christlichen Kirche, durch welches der Vater alles regieret.
51. How does this glory of Christ our head benefit us?
First, through his Holy Spirit he pours out gifts from heaven upon us his members. Second, by his power he defends us and preserves us from all enemies.
51. What profit is this glory of Christ, our head, unto us?
First, that by his Holy Spirit he poureth out heavenly graces upon us his members: and then that by his power he defends and preserves us against all enemies.
51. What benefit do we receive from this glory of our Head, Christ?
First, that by his Holy Spirit he sheds forth heavenly gifts in us, his members; then, that by his power he defends and preserves us against all enemies.
51. Was nützet uns diese Herrlichkeit unsers Hauptes Christi?
Erstlich, daß Er durch seinen heiligen Geist in uns, seine Glieder, die himmlischen Gaben ausgeußt; darnach, daß Er uns mit seiner Gewalt wider alle Feinde schützet und erhält.
52. How does Christ’s return “to judge the living and the dead” comfort you?
In all distress and persecution, with uplifted head, I confidently await the very judge who has already offered himself to the judgment of God in my place and removed the whole curse from me. Christ will cast all his enemies and mine into everlasting condemnation, but will take me and all his chosen ones to himself into the joy and glory of heaven.
52. What comfort is it to thee that "Christ shall come again to judge the quick and the dead?"
That in all my sorrows and persecutions, with uplifted head I look for the very same person, who before offered himself for my sake to the tribunal of God, and hath removed all curse from me, to come as judge from heaven: who shall cast all his and my enemies into everlasting condemnation, but shall translate me with all his chosen ones to himself, into heavenly joys and glory.
52. What comfort is it to thee that Christ shall come again to judge the quick and the dead?
That in all my sorrows and persecutions, with uplifted head, I look for the self-same One who has before offered himself for me to the judgment of God, and removed from me all curse, to come again as Judge from heaven; who shall cast all his and my enemies into everlasting condemnation, but shall take me, with all his chosen ones, to himself, into heavenly joy and glory.
52. Wes tröstet dich die Wiederkunft Christi zu richten die Lebendigen und die Todten?
Daß ich in aller Trübsal und Verfolgung mit aufgerichtetem Haupt eben des Richters, der sich zuvor dem Gerichte Gottes für mich dargestellt und alle Vermaledeiung von mir hinweggenommen hat, aus dem Himmel gewärtig bin, daß Er alle seine und meine Feinde in die ewige Verdammniß werfe, mich aber, sammt allen Auserwählten, zu sich in die himmlische Freude und Herrlichkeit nehme.
Lord’s Day 20The Holy Spirit
Watch & study53. What do you believe concerning “the Holy Spirit”?
First, that the Spirit, with the Father and the Son, is eternal God. Second, that he is given also to me, so that, through true faith, he makes me share in Christ and all his benefits, comforts me, and will remain with me forever.
53. What dost thou believe concerning the Holy Ghost?
First, that he is true and coeternal God with the Father and the Son: secondly, that he is also given me, to make me by a true faith, partaker of Christ and all his benefits, that he may comfort me and abide with me for ever.
53. What dost thou believe concerning the Holy Ghost?
First, that he is co-eternal God with the Father and the Son. Secondly, that he is also given unto me, makes me by a true faith partaker of Christ and all his benefits, comforts me, and shall abide with me forever.
53. Was glaubest du vom Heiligen Geiste?
Erstlich, daß Er gleich ewiger Gott mit dem Vater und dem Sohne ist. Zum andern, daß Er auch mir gegeben ist, mich durch einen wahren Glauben Christi und aller seiner Wohlthaten theilhaftig macht, mich tröstet und bei mir bleiben wird bis in Ewigkeit.
Lord’s Day 21The Holy Catholic Church
Watch & study54. What do you believe concerning “the holy catholic church”?
I believe that the Son of God through his Spirit and Word, out of the entire human race, from the beginning of the world to its end, gathers, protects, and preserves for himself a community chosen for eternal life and united in true faith. And of this community I am and always will be a living member.
54. What believest thou concerning the "Holy Catholic Church" of Christ?
That the Son of God from the beginning to the end of the world, gathers, defends, and preserves to himself by his Spirit and word, out of the whole human race, a Church chosen to everlasting life, agreeing in true faith; and that I am and for ever shall remain, a living member thereof.
54. What dost thou believe concerning the Holy Catholic Church?
That out of the whole human race, from the beginning to the end of the world, the Son of God, by his Spirit and Word, gathers, defends, and preserves for himself unto everlasting life, a chosen communion in the unity of the true faith; and that I am, and forever shall remain, a living member of the same.
54. Was glaubest du von der heiligen allgemeinen Christlichen Kirche?
Daß der Sohn Gottes aus dem ganzen menschlichen Geschlechte sich eine auserwählte Gemeine zum ewigen Leben, durch seinen Geist und Wort, in Einigkeit des wahren Glaubens, von Anbeginn der Welt bis an's Ende versammle, schütze und erhalte; und daß ich derselben ein lebendiges Glied bin, und ewig bleiben werde.
55. What do you understand by “the communion of saints”?
First, that believers one and all, as members of Christ the Lord, have communion with him and share in all his treasures and gifts. Second, that each member should consider it a duty to use these gifts readily and joyfully for the service and enrichment of the other members.
55. What do you understand by "the communion of saints?"
First, that all and every one who believes, being members of Christ, are in common, partakers of him and of all his riches and gifts: secondly, that every one must know it to be his duty, readily and cheerfully to employ his gifts, for the advantage and salvation of other members.
55. What dost thou understand by the communion of saints?
First, that believers, all and every one, as members of Christ, have part in him and in all his treasures and gifts. Secondly, that each one must feel himself bound to use his gifts, readily and cheerfully, for the advantage and welfare of other members.
55. Was verstehst du under der Gemeinschaft der Heiligen?
Erstlich, daß alle und jede Gläubigen als Glieder an dem Herrn Christo und allen seinen Schätzen und Gaben Gemeinschaft haben. Zum andern, daß ein jeder seine Gaben zu Nutz und Heil der andern Glieder willig und mit Freuden anzulegen sich schuldig wissen soll.
56. What do you believe concerning “the forgiveness of sins”?
I believe that God, because of Christ’s satisfaction, will no longer remember any of my sins or my sinful nature which I need to struggle against all my life. Rather, by his grace God grants me the righteousness of Christ that I may never come into judgment.
56. What believest thou concerning "the forgiveness of sins?"
That God for the sake of Christ's satisfaction, will no more remember my sins, neither my corrupt nature, against which I have to struggle all my life long; but will graciously impute to me the righteousness of Christ, that I may never be condemned before the tribunal of God.
56. What dost thou believe concerning the forgiveness of sins?
That God, for the sake of Christ's satisfaction, will no more remember my sins, neither the sinful nature with which I have to struggle all my life long; but graciously imparts to me the righteousness of Christ, that I may nevermore come into condemnation.
56. Was glaubest du von der Vergebung der Sünden?
Daß Gott um der Genugthuung Christi willen aller meiner Sünden, auch der sündlichen Art, mit der ich mein Leben lang zu streiten habe, nimmermehr gedenken will, sondern mir die Gerechtigkeit Christi aus Gnaden schenket, daß ich in's Gericht nimmermehr soll kommen.
Lord’s Day 22Resurrection of the Body
Watch & study57. How does “the resurrection of the body” comfort you?
Not only will my soul be taken immediately after this life to Christ its head, but also my very flesh, raised by the power of Christ, will be reunited with my soul, and made like Christ’s glorious body.
57. What comfort doth the "resurrection of the body" afford thee?
That not only my soul after this life shall be immediately taken up to Christ its head; but also, that this my body, being raised by the power of Christ, shall be reunited with my soul, and made like unto the glorious body of Christ.
57. What comfort does the resurrection of the body afford thee?
That not only my soul, after this life, shall be immediately taken up to Christ its Head, but also that this my body, raised by the power of Christ, shall again be united with my soul, and made like unto the glorious body of Christ.
57. Wes tröstet dich die Auferstehung des Fleisches?
Daß nicht allein meine Seele nach diesem Leben alsbald zu Christo, ihrem Haupt, genommen wird, sondern auch, daß dieß mein Fleisch, durch die Kraft Christi auferwecket, wieder mit meiner Seele vereiniget, und dem herrlichen Leibe Christi gleichförmig werden soll.
58. How does the article concerning “life everlasting” comfort you?
Even as I already now experience in my heart the beginning of eternal joy, so after this life I will have perfect blessedness such as no eye has seen, no ear has heard, no heart has ever imagined: a blessedness in which to praise God eternally.
58. What comfort takest thou from the article of "life everlasting?"
That since I now feel in my heart the beginning of eternal joy, after this life, I shall inherit perfect salvation, which "eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, neither hath it entered into the heart of man" to conceive; and that, to praise God therein for ever!
58. What comfort hast thou from the article of the life everlasting?
That, inasmuch as I now feel in my heart the beginning of eternal joy, I shall after this life possess complete bliss, such as eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, neither hath entered into the heart of man, therein to praise God forever.
58. Wes tröstet dich der Artikel vom ewigen Leben?
Daß, nachdem ich jetzt den Anfang der ewigen Freude in meinem Herzen empfinde, ich nach diesem Leben vollkommene Seligkeit besitzen werde, die kein Auge gesehen, kein Ohr gehöret, und in keines Menschen Herz gekommen ist, Gott ewiglich darin zu preisen.
Lord’s Day 23Justification by Faith
Watch & study59. But how does it help you now that you believe all this?
That I am righteous in Christ before God and an heir to life everlasting.
59. But what doth it profit thee now that thou believest all this?
That I am righteous in Christ before God, and an heir of eternal life.
59. But what does it help thee now that thou believest all this?
That I am righteous in Christ before God, and an heir of eternal life.
59. Was hilft es dir aber nun, wenn du dieß Alles glaubest?
Daß ich in Christo vor Gott gerecht, und ein Erbe des ewigen Lebens bin.
60. How are you righteous before God?
Only by true faith in Jesus Christ. Even though my conscience accuses me of having grievously sinned against all God’s commandments, of never having kept any of them, and of still being inclined toward all evil, nevertheless, without any merit of my own, out of sheer grace, God grants and credits to me the perfect satisfaction, righteousness, and holiness of Christ, as if I had never sinned nor been a sinner, and as if I had been as perfectly obedient as Christ was obedient for me. —if only I accept this gift with a believing heart.
60. How art thou righteous before God?
Only by a true faith in Jesus Christ: so that, though my conscience accuse me, that I have grossly transgressed all the commands of God, and kept none of them, and am still inclined to all evil: notwithstanding, God, without any merit of mine, but only of mere grace, grants and imputes to me, the perfect satisfaction, righteousness and holiness of Christ; even so, as if I never had had, nor committed any sin: yea, as if I had fully accomplished all that obedience which Christ hath accomplished for me; inasmuch as I embrace such benefit with a believing heart.
60. How art thou righteous before God?
Only by true faith in Jesus Christ; that is, although my conscience accuse me that I have grievously sinned against all the commandments of God, and have never kept any of them, and that I am still prone always to all evil, yet God, without any merit of mine, of mere grace, grants and imputes to me the perfect satisfaction, righteousness, and holiness of Christ, as if I had never committed nor had any sin, and had myself accomplished all the obedience which Christ has fulfilled for me, if only I accept such benefit with a believing heart.
60. Wie bist du gerecht vor Gott?
Allein durch wahren Glauben in Jesum Christum: also, daß, ob mich schon mein Gewissen anklagt, daß ich wider alle Gebote Gottes schwerlich gesündiget, und derselben keines je gehalten habe, auch noch immerdar zu allem Bösen geneigt bin, doch Gott ohne all mein Verdienst aus lauter Gnaden, mir die vollkommene Genugthuung, Gerechtigkeit und Heiligkeit Christi schenket und zurechnet, als hätte ich nie eine Sünde begangen noch gehabt, und selbst allen den
Gehorsam vollbracht, den Christus für mich hat geleistet, wenn ich allein solche Wohlthat mit gläubigem Herzen annehme.
61. Why do you say that through faith alone you are righteous?
Not because I please God by the worthiness of my faith, for only Christ’s satisfaction, righteousness, and holiness are my righteousness before God, and I can receive this righteousness and make it mine in no other way than by faith alone.
61. Why sayest thou, that thou art righteous by faith only?
Not that I am acceptable to God on account of the worthiness of my faith; but because only the satisfaction, righteousness and holiness of Christ is my righteousness before God; and that I cannot receive and apply the same to myself in any other way than by faith only.
61. Why sayest thou that thou art righteous only by faith?
Not that I am acceptable to God on account of the worthiness of my faith; but because only the satisfaction, righteousness, and holiness of Christ is my righteousness before God, and I can receive the same and make it my own in no other way than by faith only.
61. Warum sagst du, daß du allein durch den Glauben gerecht seiest?
Nicht daß ich von wegen der Würdigkeit meines Glaubens Gott gefalle, sondern darum, daß allein die Genugthuung, Gerechtigkeit, und Heiligkeit Christi meine Gerechtigkeit vor Gott ist, und ich dieselbe nicht anders, denn allein durch den Glauben annehmen, und mir zueignen kann.
Lord’s Day 24Faith & Good Works
Watch & study62. Why can’t our good works be our righteousness before God, or at least a part of our righteousness?
Because the righteousness which can pass God’s judgment must be entirely perfect and must in every way measure up to the divine law. But even our best works in this life are all imperfect and stained with sin.
62. But why cannot our good works be the whole or part of our righteousness before God?
Because that the righteousness, which can be approved of before the tribunal of God, must be absolutely perfect, and in all respects conformable to the divine law: and also that our best works in this life are all imperfect and defiled with sin.
62. But why can not our good works be the whole or part of our righteousness before God?
Because the righteousness which can stand before the judgment-seat of God must be perfect throughout, and wholly conformable to the divine law; whereas even our best works in this life are all imperfect and defiled with sin.
62. Warum können aber unsere guten Werke nicht die Gerechtigkeit vor Gott oder ein Stück derselben sein?
Darum, weil die Gerechtigkeit, so vor Gottes Gericht bestehen soll, durchaus vollkommen und dem Gesetz ganz gleichförmig sein muß, aber auch unsere besten Werke in diesem Leben alle unvollkommen und mit Sünden befleckt sind.
63. How can our good works be said to merit nothing when God promises to reward them in this life and the next? (1)
This reward is not merited; it is a gift of grace.
63. What! do not our good works merit, which yet God will reward in this and in a future life?
This reward is not of merit, but of grace.
63. How is it that our good works merit nothing, while yet it is God's will to reward them in this life and in that which is to come?
The reward comes not of merit, but of grace.
63. Verdienen aber unsere guten Werke nichts, so sie doch Gott in diesem und dem zukünftigen Leben will belohnen?
Diese Belohnung geschieht nicht aus Verdienst, sondern aus Gnaden.
64. But doesn’t this teaching make people indifferent and wicked?
No. It is impossible for those grafted into Christ by true faith not to produce fruits of gratitude.
64. But doth not this doctrine make men careless and profane?
By no means: for it is impossible that those who are implanted into Christ by a true faith, should not bring forth fruits of thankfulness.
64. But does not this doctrine make men careless and profane?
No; for it is impossible that those who are implanted into Christ by true faith should not bring forth fruits of righteousness.
64. Macht aber diese Lehre nicht sorglose und verruchte Leute?
Nein: denn es unmöglich ist, daß die, so Christo durch wahren Glauben sind eingepflanzet, nicht Frucht der Dankbarkeit sollen bringen.
Lord’s Day 25Word & Sacraments
Watch & study65. It is by faith alone that we share in Christ and all his benefits: where then does that faith come from?
The Holy Spirit works it in our hearts by the preaching of the holy gospel, and confirms it by the use of the holy sacraments.
65. Since then we are made partakers of Christ and all his benefits by faith only, whence doth this faith proceed?
From the Holy Ghost, who works faith in our hearts by the preaching of the gospel, and confirms it by the use of the sacraments.
65. Since, then, we are made partakers of Christ and all his benefits by faith only, whence comes this faith?
The Holy Ghost works it in our hearts by the preaching of the holy Gospel, and confirms it by the use of the holy Sacraments.
65. Dieweil denn allein der Glaube uns Christi und aller seiner Wohlthaten theilhaftig macht, woher kommt solcher Glaube?
Der Heilige Geist wirket denselben in unsern Herzen durch die Predigt des heiligen Evangeliums, und bestätigt ihn durch den Brauch der heiligen Sacramente.
66. What are sacraments?
Sacraments are visible, holy signs and seals. They were instituted by God so that by our use of them he might make us understand more clearly the promise of the gospel, and seal that promise. And this is God’s gospel promise: he grants us forgiveness of sins and eternal life by grace because of Christ’s one sacrifice accomplished on the cross.
66. What are the sacraments?
The sacraments are holy visible signs and seals, appointed of God for this end, that by the use thereof he may the more fully declare and seal to us the promise of the gospel, viz: that he grants us freely the remission of sin and life eternal, for the sake of that one sacrifice of Christ, accomplished on the cross.
66. What are the Sacraments?
The Sacraments are visible, holy signs and seals, appointed of God for this end, that by the use thereof he may the more fully declare and seal to us the promise of the Gospel; namely, that he grants us out of free grace the forgiveness of sins and everlasting life, for the sake of the one sacrifice of Christ accomplished on the cross.
66. Was sind die Sacramente?
Es sind sichtbare heilige Wahrzeichen und Siegel, von Gott dazu eingesetzt, daß er uns durch den Brauch derselben die Verheißung des Evangeliums desto besser zu verstehen gebe und versiegele: nämlich, daß er uns von wegen des einigen Opfers Christi, am Kreuz vollbracht, Vergebung der Sünden und ewiges Leben aus Gnaden schenke.
67. Are both the word and the sacraments then intended to focus our faith on the sacrifice of Jesus Christ on the cross as the only ground of our salvation?
Yes indeed! The Holy Spirit teaches us in the gospel and confirms by the holy sacraments that our entire salvation rests on Christ’s one sacrifice for us on the cross.
67. Are both word and sacraments, then, ordained and appointed for this end, that they may direct our faith to the sacrifice of Jesus Christ on the cross, as the only ground of our salvation?
Yes, indeed: for the Holy Ghost teaches us in the gospel, and assures us by the sacraments, that the whole of our salvation depends upon that one sacrifice of Christ which he offered for us on the cross.
67. Are both these, then, the Word and the sacraments, designed to direct our faith to the sacrifice of Jesus Christ on the cross as the only ground of our salvation?
Yes, truly; for the Holy Ghost teaches in the Gospel, and by the holy Sacraments assures us, that our whole salvation stands in the one sacrifice of Christ made for us on the cross.
67. Sind den beide, das Wort und die Sacramente, dahin gerichtet, daß sie unsern Glauben auf das Opfer Jesu Christi am Kreuz, als auf den einigen Grund unserer Seligkeit, weisen?
Ja freilich: denn der Heilige Geist lehret im Evangelio, und bestätigt durch die heiligen Sacramente, daß unsere ganze Seligkeit stehe in dem einigen Opfer Christi, für uns am Kreuz geschehen.
68. How many sacraments did Christ institute in the New Testament?
Two: holy baptism and the holy supper.
68. How many sacraments has Christ instituted in the new covenant or testament?
Two: namely, holy baptism and the holy supper.
68. How many Sacraments has Christ appointed in the New Testament?
Two: holy Baptism and the holy Supper.
68. Wie veil Sacramente hat Christus in Neuen Testament eingesetzt?
Zwei: die heilige Taufe und das heilige Abendmahl.
Lord’s Day 26Holy Baptism
Watch & study69. How does holy baptism remind and assure you that Christ’s one sacrifice on the cross benefits you personally?
In this way: Christ instituted this outward washing and with it promised that, as surely as water washes away the dirt from the body, so certainly his blood and his Spirit wash away my soul’s impurity, that is, all my sins.
69. How art thou admonished and assured by holy baptism, that the one sacrifice of Christ upon the cross is of real advantage to thee?
Thus: That Christ appointed this external washing with water, adding thereto this promise, that I am as certainly washed by his blood and Spirit from all the pollution of my soul, that is, from all my sins, as I am washed externally with water, by which the filthiness of the body is commonly washed away.
69. How is it signified and sealed unto thee in holy Baptism that thou hast part in the one sacrifice of Christ on the cross?
Thus: that Christ has appointed this outward washing with water, and has joined therewith this promise, that I am washed with his blood and Spirit from the pollution of my soul, that is, from all my sins, as certainly as I am washed outwardly with water whereby commonly the filthiness of the body is taken away.
69. Wie wirst du in der heiligen Taufe erinnert und versichert, daß das einige Opfer Christi am Kreuz dir zu gut komme?
Also, daß Christus dieß äußerliche Wasserbad eingesetzt, und dabei verheißen hat, daß ich so gewiß mit seinem Blut und Geist von der Unreinigkeit meiner Seele, das ist, allen meinen Sünden gewaschen sei, so gewiß ich äußerlich mit dem Wasser, welches die Unsauberkeit des Leibes pflegt hinzunehmen, gewaschen bin.
70. What does it mean to be washed with Christ’s blood and Spirit?
To be washed with Christ’s blood means that God, by grace, has forgiven our sins because of Christ’s blood poured out for us in his sacrifice on the cross. To be washed with Christ’s Spirit means that the Holy Spirit has renewed and sanctified us to be members of Christ, so that more and more we die to sin and live holy and blameless lives.
70. What is it to be washed with the blood and Spirit of Christ?
It is to receive of God the remission of sins, freely, for the sake of Christ's blood, which he shed for us by his sacrifice upon the cross: and also to be renewed by the Holy Ghost, and sanctified to be members of Christ; that so we may more and more die unto sin, and lead holy and unblamable lives.
70. What is it to be washed with the blood and Spirit of Christ?
It is to have the forgiveness of sins from God, through grace, for the sake of Christ's blood, which he shed for us in his sacrifice on the cross; and also to be renewed by the Holy Ghost, and sanctified to be members of Christ, that so we may more and more die unto sin, and lead holy and unblamable lives.
70. Was heißt mit dem Blut und Geist Christi gewaschen sein?
Es heißt Vergebung der Sünden von Gott aus Gnaden haben, um des Blutes Christi willen, welches er in seinem Opfer am Kreuz für uns vergossen hat; darnach auch durch den Heiligen Geist erneuert, und zu einem Glied Christi geheiliget sein, daß wir je länger je mehr der Sünde absterben, und in einem gottseligen, unsträflichen Leben wandeln.
71. Where does Christ promise that we are washed with his blood and Spirit as surely as we are washed with the water of baptism?
In the institution of baptism, where he says: “Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit.” “Whoever believes and is baptized will be saved; but whoever does not believe will be condemned.” This promise is repeated when Scripture calls baptism “the washing of regeneration” and the washing away of sins.
71. Where has Christ promised us that he will as certainly wash us by his blood and Spirit, as we are washed with the water of baptism?
In the institution of baptism which is thus expressed, "go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost," "he that believeth, and is baptized, shall be saved; but he that believeth not, shall be damned." This promise is also repeated, where the scripture calls baptism "the washing of regeneration, and the washing away of sins."
71. Where has Christ promised that we are as certainly washed with his blood and Spirit as with the water of Baptism?
In the institution of Baptism, which runs thus: Go ye, therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. He that believeth and is baptized, shall be saved; but he that believeth not, shall be damned. This promise is also repeated where the Scripture calls Baptism the washing of regeneration and the washing away of sins.
71. Wo hat Christus verheißen, daß wir so gewiß mit seinem Blut und Geist, als mit dem Taufwasser, gewaschen sind?
In der Einsetzung der Taufe, welche also lautet: Gehet hin, und lehret alle Völker, und taufet sie im Namen des Vaters, und des Sohnes, und des Heiligen Geistes: wer da glaubet und getauft wird, der wird selig werden; wer aber nicht glaubet, der wird verdammt werden. Diese Verheißung wird auch wiederholt, da die Schrift die Taufe das Bad der Wiedergeburt und Abwaschung der Sünden nennet.
Lord’s Day 27Infant Baptism
Watch & study72. Does this outward washing with water itself wash away sins?
No, only Jesus Christ’s blood and the Holy Spirit cleanse us from all sins.
72. Is, then, the external baptism with water, the washing away of sin itself?
Not at all: for the blood of Jesus Christ only, and the Holy Ghost, cleanse us from all sin.
72. Is, then, the outward washing of water itself the washing away of sins?
No; for only the blood of Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit cleanse us from all sin.
72. Ist denn das äußerliche Wasserbad die Abwaschung der Sünden selbst?
Nein; denn allein das Blut Jesu Christi, und der Heilige Geist reiniget uns von allen Sünden.
73. Why then does the Holy Spirit call baptism the water of rebirth and the washing away of sins?
God has good reason for these words. To begin with, he wants to teach us that the blood and Spirit of Christ take away our sins just as water removes dirt from the body. But more importantly, he wants to assure us, by this divine pledge and sign, that we are as truly washed of our sins spiritually as our bodies are washed with water physically.
73. Why then doth the Holy Ghost call baptism "the washing of regeneration," and "the washing away of sins?"
God speaks thus not without great cause, to wit, not only thereby to teach us, that as the filth of the body is purged away by water, so our sins are removed by the blood and Spirit of Jesus Christ; but especially, that by this divine pledge and sign he may assure us, that we are spiritually cleansed from our sins, as really as we are externally washed with water.
73. Why, then, doth the Holy Ghost call Baptism the washing of regeneration and the washing away of sins?
God speaks thus not without great cause: namely, not only to teach us thereby that like as the filthiness of the body is taken away by water, so our sins also are taken away by the blood and Spirit of Christ; but much more, that by this divine pledge and token he may assure us that we are as really washed from our sins spiritually as our bodies are washed with water.
73. Warum nennet denn der Heilige Geist die Taufe das Bad der Wiedergeburt und die Abwaschung der Sünden?
Gott redet also nicht ohne große Ursache: nämlich, nicht allein, daß Er uns damit will lehren, daß, gleichwie die Unsauberkeit des Leibes durch Wasser, also unsere Sünden durch's Blut und Geist Christi hinweg genommen werden; sondern vielmehr, daß Er uns durch dieß göttliche Pfand und Wahrzeichen will versichern, daß wir so wahrhaftig von unsern Sünden geistlich gewaschen sind, als wir mit dem leiblichen Wasser gewaschen werden.
74. Should infants also be baptized?
Yes. Infants as well as adults are included in God’s covenant and people, and they, no less than adults, are promised deliverance from sin through Christ’s blood and the Holy Spirit who works faith. Therefore, by baptism, the sign of the covenant, they too should be incorporated into the Christian church and distinguished from the children of unbelievers. This was done in the Old Testament by circumcision, which was replaced in the New Testament by baptism.
74. Are infants also to be baptized?
Yes; for since they, as well as the adult, are included in the covenant and Church of God; and since redemption from sin by the blood of Christ, and the Holy Ghost, the author of faith is promised to them no less than to the adult; they must therefore by baptism, as a sign of the covenant, be also admitted into the Christian Church; and be distinguished from the children of infidels, as was done in the old covenant or testament by circumcision, instead of which, baptism is instituted in the new covenant.
74. Are infants also to be baptized?
Yes; for since they, as well as their parents, belong to the covenant and people of God, and both redemption from sin and the Holy Ghost, who works faith, are through the blood of Christ promised to them no less than to their parents, they are also by Baptism, as a sign of the covenant, to be ingrafted into the Christian Church, and distinguished from the children of unbelievers, as was done in the Old Testament by Circumcision, in place of which in the New Testament Baptism is appointed.
74. Soll man auch die jungen Kinder taufen?
Ja: denn dieweil sie sowohl als die Alten in den Bund Gottes und seine Gemeine gehören, und ihnen in dem Blut Christi die Erlösung von Sünden und der Heilige Geist, welcher den Glauben wirket, nicht weniger denn den Alten zugesagt wird; so sollen sie auch durch die Taufe, als des Bundes Zeichen, der christlichen Kirche eingeleibt und von der Ungläubigen Kindern unterschieden werden, wie im alten Testament durch die Beschneidung geschehen ist, an welcher Statt im neuen Testament die Taufe ist eingesetzt.
Lord’s Day 28The Lord’s Supper
Watch & study75. How does the holy supper remind and assure you that you share in Christ’s one sacrifice on the cross and in all his benefits?
In this way: Christ has commanded me and all believers to eat this broken bread and to drink this cup in remembrance of him. With this command come these promises: First, as surely as I see with my eyes the bread of the Lord broken for me and the cup shared with me, so surely his body was offered and broken for me and his blood poured out for me on the cross. Second, as surely as I receive from the hand of him who serves, and taste with my mouth the bread and cup of the Lord, given me as sure signs of Christ’s body and blood, so surely he nourishes and refreshes my soul for eternal life with his crucified body and poured-out blood.
75. How art thou admonished and assured in the Lord's supper, that thou art a partaker of that one sacrifice of Christ, accomplished on the cross, and of all his benefits?
Thus: That Christ has commanded me and all believers, to eat of this broken bread, and to drink of this cup, in remembrance of him; adding these promises: first, that his body was offered and broken on the cross for me, and his blood shed for me, as certainly as I see with my eyes, the bread of the Lord broken for me, and the cup communicated to me: and further, that he feeds and nourishes my soul to everlasting life, with his crucified body and shed blood, as assuredly as I receive from the hands of the minister, and taste with my mouth the bread and cup of the Lord, as certain signs of the body and blood of Christ.
75. How is it signified and sealed unto thee in the Holy Supper that thou dost partake of the one sacrifice of Christ on the cross and all his benefits?
Thus, that Christ has commanded me and all believers to eat of this broken bread, and to drink of this cup, and has joined therewith these promises: First, that his body was offered and broken on the cross for me, and his blood shed for me, as certainly as I see with my eyes the bread of the Lord broken for me, and the cup communicated to me; and, further, that with his crucified body and shed blood he himself feeds and nourishes my soul to everlasting life, as certainly as I receive from the hand of the minister, and taste with my mouth, the bread and cup of the Lord, which are given me as certain tokens of the body and blood of Christ.
75. Wie wirst du im Heiligen Abendmahl erinnert und versichert, daß du an dem einigen Opfer Christi am Kreuz und allen seinen Gütern Gemeinschaft habest?
Also, daß Christus mir und allen Gläubigen von diesem gebrochenen Brot zu essen, und von diesem Kelch zu trinken befohlen hat, zu seinem Gedächtniß, und dabei verheißen: Erstlich, daß sein Leib so gewiß für mich am Kreuz geopfert und gebrochen, und sein Blut für mich vergossen sei, so gewiß ich mit Augen sehe, daß das Brot des Herrn mir gebrochen, und der Kelch mir mitgetheilet wird; und zum andern, daß Er selbst meine Seele mit seinem gekreuzigten Leib und vergossenen Blut so gewiß zum ewigen Leben speise und tränke, als ich aus der Hand des Dieners empfange und leiblich genieße das Brot und den Kelch des Herrn, welche mir als gewisse Wahrzeichen des Leibes und Bluts Christi gegeben werden.
76. What does it mean to eat the crucified body of Christ and to drink his poured-out blood?
It means to accept with a believing heart the entire suffering and death of Christ and in this way to receive forgiveness of sins and eternal life. But it means more. Through the Holy Spirit, who lives both in Christ and in us, we are united more and more to Christ’s blessed body. And so, although he is in heaven and we are on earth, we are flesh of his flesh and bone of his bone. And we forever live on and are governed by one Spirit, as the members of our body are by one soul.
76. What is it then to eat the crucified body, and drink the shed blood of Christ?
It is not only to embrace with a believing heart all the sufferings and death of Christ, and thereby to obtain the pardon of sin and life eternal; but also, besides that, to become more and more united to his sacred body, by the Holy Ghost, who dwells both in Christ and in us; so that we, though Christ is in heaven and we on earth, are notwithstanding "Flesh of his flesh, and bone of his bone;" and that we live and are governed for ever by one Spirit, as members of the same body are by one soul.
76. What is it to eat the crucified body and drink the shed blood of Christ?
It is not only to embrace with a believing heart all the sufferings and death of Christ, and thereby to obtain the forgiveness of sins and life eternal, but moreover, also, to be so united more and more to his sacred body by the Holy Ghost, who dwells both in Christ and in us, that although he is in heaven, and we on the earth, we are nevertheless flesh of his flesh and bone of his bones, and live and are governed forever by one Spirit, as members of the same body are by one soul.
76. Was heißt den gekreuzigten Leib Christi essen und sein vergossenes Blut trinken?
Es heißt nicht allein mit gläubigem Herzen das ganze Leiden und Sterben Christi annehmen, und dadurch Vergebung der Sünden und ewiges Leben bekommen, sondern auch daneben durch den Heiligen Geist, der zugleich in Christo und in uns wohnet, also mit seinem gebenedeiten Leibe je mehr und mehr vereiniget werden, daß wir, obgleich Er im Himmel, und wir auf Erden sind, dennoch Fleisch von seinem Fleisch und Bein von seinen Beinen sind, und von Einem Geiste (wie die Glieder unsers Leibes von Einer Seele) ewig leben und regieret werden.
77. Where does Christ promise to nourish and refresh believers with his body and blood as surely as they eat this broken bread and drink this cup?
In the institution of the Lord’s Supper: “The Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, ‘Take, eat, this is my body which is broken for you. Do this in remembrance of me.’ In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, ‘This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.’ For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes.” This promise is repeated by Paul in these words: “The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ? Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all partake of the one bread.”
77. Where has Christ promised that he will as certainly feed and nourish believers with his body and blood, as they eat of this broken bread, and drink of this cup?
In the institution of the supper, which is thus expressed; "The Lord Jesus, the same night in which he was betrayed, took bread, and when he had given thanks, he brake it, and said, Take, eat; this is my body, which is broken for you; this do in remembrance of me: after the same manner also he took the cup, when he had supped, saying, this cup is the new testament in my blood; this do ye, as oft as ye drink it, in remembrance of me. For, as often as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye do show the Lord's death till he come."
This promise is repeated by the holy apostle Paul, where he says, "The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not the communion of the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not the communion of the body of Christ? for we, being many, are one bread and one body, because we are all partakers of that one bread."
77. Where has Christ promised that he will thus feed and nourish believers with his body and blood, as certainly as they eat of this broken bread and drink of this cup?
In the institution of the Supper, which runs thus: The Lord Jesus, the same night in which he was betrayed, took bread; and when he had given thanks, he brake it and said: 'Take, eat, this is my body, which is broken for you; this do in remembrance of me' After the same manner also he took the cup, when he had supped, saying: 'This cup is the New Testament in my blood; this do ye as often as ye drink it, in remembrance of me. For as often as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye do show the Lord's death till he come.' And this promise is repeated also by St. Paul, where he says: The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not the communion of the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not the communion of the body of Christ? For we, being many, are one bread, and one body; for we are all partakers of that one bread.
77. Wo hat Christus verheißen, daß Er die Gläubigen so gewiß mit seinem Leib und Blut speise und tränke, als sie von diesem gebrochenen Brot essen, und von diesem Kelch trinken?
In der Einsetzung des heiligen Abendmahls, welche also lautet: Unser Herr Jesus, in der Nacht, da Er verrathen ward, nahm Er das Brot, dankete, und brach's, und sprach: ‚Nehmet, esset, das ist mein Leib, der für euch gebrochen wird; solches thut zu meinem Gedächtniß.'Desselben gleichen auch den Kelch, nach dem Abendmahl, und sprach: ‚Dieser Kelch ist das Neue Testament in meinem Blut; solches thut, so oft ihr's trinket, zu meinem Gedächtniß.'Denn so oft ihr von diesem Brot esset, und von diesem Kelch trinket, sollt ihr des Herrn Tod verkündigen, bis daß Er kommt. Und diese Verheißung wird auch wiederholet durch St. Paulum, da er spricht: Der Kelch der Danksagung, damit wir danksagen, ist er nicht die Gemeinschaft des Bluts Christi? Das Brot, das wir brechen, ist das nicht die Gemeinschaft des Leibes Christi? Denn Ein Brot ist's, so sind wir viele Ein Leib, dieweil wir alle Eines Brots theilhaftig sind?
Lord’s Day 29Bread & Wine
Watch & study78. Do the bread and wine become the real body and blood of Christ?
No. Just as the water of baptism is not changed into Christ’s blood and does not itself wash away sins but is simply a divine sign and assurance of these things, so too the holy bread of the Lord’s Supper does not become the body of Christ itself, even though it is called the body of Christ in keeping with the nature and language of sacraments.
78. Do then the bread and wine become the very body and blood of Christ?
Not at all: but as the water in baptism is not changed into the blood of Christ, neither is the washing away of sin itself, being only the sign and confirmation thereof appointed of God; so the bread in the Lord's supper is not changed into the very body of Christ; though agreeably to the nature and properties of sacraments, it is called the body of Christ Jesus.
78. Do, then, the bread and wine become the real body and blood of Christ?
No; but as the water in Baptism is not changed into the blood of Christ, nor becomes the washing away of sins itself, being only the divine token and assurance thereof, so also in the Lord's Supper the sacred bread does not become the body of Christ itself, though agreeably to the nature and usage of sacraments it is called the body of Christ.
78. Wird denn aus Brot und Wein der wesentliche Leib und Blut Christi?
Nein: sondern wie das Wasser in der Taufe nicht in das Blut Christi verwandelt, oder die Abwaschung der Sünden selbst wird, deren es allein ein göttlich Wahrzeichen und Versicherung ist: also wird auch das heilige Brot im Abendmahl nicht der Leib Christi selbst, wiewohl es, nach Art und Brauch der Sacramente, der Leib Christi genennet wird.
79. Why then does Christ call the bread his body and the cup his blood, or the new covenant in his blood, and Paul use the words, a participation in Christ’s body and blood?
Christ has good reason for these words. He wants to teach us that just as bread and wine nourish the temporal life, so too his crucified body and poured-out blood are the true food and drink of our souls for eternal life. But more important, he wants to assure us, by this visible sign and pledge, that we, through the Holy Spirit’s work, share in his true body and blood as surely as our mouths receive these holy signs in his remembrance, and that all of his suffering and obedience are as definitely ours as if we personally had suffered and made satisfaction for our sins.
79. Why then doth Christ call the bread his body, and the cup his blood, or the new covenant in his blood; and Paul the "Communion of the body and blood of Christ?"
Christ speaks thus, not without great reason, namely, not only thereby to teach us, that as bread and wine support this temporal life, so his crucified body and shed blood are the true meat and drink, whereby our souls are fed to eternal life; but more especially by these visible signs and pledges to assure us, that we are as really partakers of this true body and blood (by the operation of the Holy Ghost) as we receive by the mouths of our bodies these holy signs in remembrance of him; and that all his sufferings and obedience are as certainly ours, as if we had in our own persons suffered and made satisfaction for our sins to God.
79. Why, then, doth Christ call the bread his body, and the cup his blood, or the New Testament in his blood; and St. Paul, the communion of the body and blood of Christ?
Christ speaks thus not without great cause: namely, not only to teach us thereby that like as bread and wine sustain this temporal life, so also his crucified body and shed blood are the true meat and drink of our souls unto life eternal; but much more, by this visible sign and pledge to assure us that we are as really partakers of his true body and blood, through the working of the Holy Ghost, as we receive by the mouth of the body these holy tokens in remembrance of him; and that all his sufferings and obedience are as certainly our own as if we had ourselves suffered and done all in our own persons.
79. Warum nennet denn Christus das Brot seinen Leib, und den Kelch sein Blut, oder das Neue Testament in seinem Blute, und St. Paulus die Gemeinschaft des Leibes und Blutes Jesu Christi?
Christus redet also nicht ohne große Ursache: nämlich, daß Er uns nicht allein damit will lehren, daß, gleich wie Brot und Wein das zeitliche Leben erhalten, also sei auch sein gekreuzigter Leib und vergossen Blut die wahre Speise und Trank unserer Seelen zum ewigen Leben, sondern vielmehr, daß Er uns durch dieß sichtbare Zeichen und Pfand will versichern, daß wir so wahrhaftig seines wahren Leibes und Blutes durch Wirkung des Heiligen Geistes theilhaftig werden, als wir diese heiligen Wahrzeichen mit dem leiblichen Mund zu seinem Gedächtniß empfangen, und daß all sein Leiden und Gehorsam so gewiß unser eigen sei, als hätten wir selbst in unserer eigenen Person alles gelitten und genug gethan.
Lord’s Day 30The Lord’s Supper & The Mass
Watch & study80. How does the Lord’s Supper differ from the Roman Catholic Mass?
The Lord’s Supper declares to us that all our sins are completely forgiven through the one sacrifice of Jesus Christ, which he himself accomplished on the cross once for all. It also declares to us that the Holy Spirit grafts us into Christ, who with his true body is now in heaven at the right hand of the Father where he wants us to worship him. But the Mass teaches that the living and the dead do not have their sins forgiven through the suffering of Christ unless Christ is still offered for them daily by the priests. It also teaches that Christ is bodily present under the form of bread and wine where Christ is therefore to be worshiped. Thus the Mass is basically nothing but a denial of the one sacrifice and suffering of Jesus Christ and a condemnable idolatry.
80. What difference is there between the Lord's supper and the Popish mass?
The Lord's supper testifies to us, that we have a full pardon of all sin by the only sacrifice of Jesus Christ, which he himself has once accomplished on the cross; and that we by the Holy Ghost are ingrafted into Christ, who, according to his human nature, is now not on earth, but in heaven, at the right hand of God his Father, and will there be worshipped by us: but the mass teacheth, that the living and dead have not the pardon of sins through the sufferings of Christ unless Christ is also daily offered for them by the priests; and further, that Christ is bodily under the form of bread and wine, and therefore is to be worshipped in them; so that the mass, at bottom, is nothing else than a denial of the one sacrifice and sufferings of Jesus Christ, and an accursed idolatry.
80. What difference is there between the Lord's Supper and the Popish Mass?
The Lord's Supper testifies to us that we have full forgiveness of all our sins by the one sacrifice of Jesus Christ, which he himself has once accomplished on the cross; [and that by the Holy Ghost we are ingrafted into Christ, who with his true body is now in heaven at the right hand of the Father, and is to be there worshiped]. But the Mass teaches that the living and the dead have not forgiveness of sins through the sufferings of Christ unless Christ is still daily offered for them by the priests; [and that Christ is bodily under the form of bread and wine, and is therefore to be worshiped in them]. And thus the Mass at bottom is nothing else than a denial of the one sacrifice and passion of Jesus Christ [and an accursed idolatry].
80. Was ist für ein Unterschied zwischen dem Abendmahl des Herrn und der päpstlichen Messe?
Das Abendmahl bezeuget uns, daß wir vollkommene Vergebung aller unserer Sünden haben durch das einige Opfer Jesu Christi, so Er selbst einmal am Kreuz vollbracht hat; [und daß wir durch den Heiligen Geist Christo werden eingeleibet, der jetzt mit seinem wahren Leib im Himmel zur Rechten des Vaters ist, und daselbst will angebetet werden]. Die Messe aber lehret, daß die Lebendigen und die Todten nicht durch das Leiden Christi Vergebung der Sünden haben, es sei denn, daß Christus noch täglich für sie von den Meßpriestern geopfert werde; [und daß Christus leiblich unter der Gestalt Brots und Weins sei, und derhalben darin soll angebetet werden]. Und ist also die Messe im Grund nichts anders, denn eine Verläugnung des einigen Opfers und Leidens Jesu Christi [und eine vermaledeite Abgötterei].
81. Who should come to the Lord’s table?
Those who are displeased with themselves because of their sins, but who nevertheless trust that their sins are pardoned and that their remaining weakness is covered by the suffering and death of Christ, and who also desire more and more to strengthen their faith and to lead a better life. Hypocrites and those who are unrepentant, however, eat and drink judgment on themselves.
81. For whom is the Lord's Supper instituted?
For those who are truly sorrowful for their sins, and yet trust that these are forgiven them for the sake of Christ; and that their remaining infirmities are covered by his passion and death; and who also earnestly desire to have their faith more and more strengthened, and their lives more holy; but hypocrites, and such as turn not to God, with sincere hearts, eat and drink judgment to themselves.
81. Who are to come unto the table of the Lord?
Those who are displeased with themselves for their sins, yet trust that these are forgiven them, and that their remaining infirmity is covered by the passion and death of Christ; who also desire more and more to strengthen their faith and amend their life. But the impenitent and hypocrites eat and drink judgment to themselves.
81. Welche sollen zum Tische des Herrn kommen?
Die sich selbst um ihrer Sünden willen mißfallen, und doch vertrauen, daß dieselbigen ihnen verziehen, und die übrige Schwachheit mit dem Leiden und Sterben Christi bedeckt sei, begehren auch je mehr und mehr ihren Glauben zu stärken, und ihr Leben zu bessern. Die Unbußfertigen aber und Heuchler essen und trinken sich selbst das Gericht.
82. Should those be admitted to the Lord’s Supper who show by what they profess and how they live that they are unbelieving and ungodly?
No, that would dishonor God’s covenant and bring down God’s wrath upon the entire congregation. Therefore, according to the instruction of Christ and his apostles, the Christian church is duty-bound to exclude such people, by the official use of the keys of the kingdom, until they reform their lives.
82. Are they also to be admitted to this supper, who, by confession and life, declare themselves infidels and ungodly?
No: for by this, the covenant of God would be profaned, and his wrath kindled against the whole congregation: therefore it is the duty of the Christian Church, according to the appointment of Christ and his apostles, to exclude such persons, by the keys of the kingdom of heaven, till they show amendment of life.
82. Are they, then, also to be admitted to this Supper who show themselves to be, by their confession and life, unbelieving and ungodly?
No; for by this the covenant of God is profaned, and his wrath provoked against the whole congregation; wherefore the Christian Church is bound, according to the order of Christ and his Apostles, by the office of the keys to exclude such persons until they amend their life.
82. Sollen aber zu diesem Abendmahl auch zugelassen werden, die sich mit ihrem Bekenntniß und Leben als Ungläubige und Gottlose erzeigen?
Nein: denn es wird also der Bund Gottes geschmähet, und sein Zorn über die ganze Gemeine gereizet. Derhalben die christliche Kirche schuldig ist, nach der Ordnung Christi und seiner Apostel, solche bis zur Besserung ihres Lebens durch das Amt der Schlüssel auszuschließen.
Lord’s Day 31The Keys of the Kingdom
Watch & study83. What are the keys of the kingdom?
The preaching of the holy gospel and Christian discipline toward repentance. Both of them open the kingdom of heaven to believers and close it to unbelievers.
83. What are the keys of the kingdom of heaven?
The preaching of the holy Gospel, and Christian discipline, or excommunication out of the Christian Church: by these two, the kingdom of heaven is opened to believers, and shut against unbelievers.
83. What is the Office of the Keys?
The preaching of the holy Gospel and Church discipline; by which two things the kingdom of heaven is opened to believers and shut against unbelievers.
83. Was ist das Amt der Schlüssel?
Die Predigt des heiligen Evangeliums, und die christliche Bußzucht, durch welche beide Stücke das Himmelreich den Gläubigen aufgeschlossen und den Ungläubigen zugeschlossen wird:
84. How does preaching the holy gospel open and close the kingdom of heaven?
According to the command of Christ: The kingdom of heaven is opened by proclaiming and publicly declaring to all believers, each and every one, that, as often as they accept the gospel promise in true faith, God, because of Christ’s merit, truly forgives all their sins. The kingdom of heaven is closed, however, by proclaiming and publicly declaring to unbelievers and hypocrites that, as long as they do not repent, the wrath of God and eternal condemnation rest on them. God’s judgment, both in this life and in the life to come, is based on this gospel testimony.
84. How is the kingdom of heaven opened and shut by the preaching of the holy Gospel?
Thus: when according to the command of Christ, it is declared and publicly testified to all and every believer, that, whenever they receive the promise of the gospel by a true faith, all their sins are really forgiven them of God, for the sake of Christ's merits; and on the contrary, when it is declared and testified to all unbelievers, and such as do not sincerely repent, that they stand exposed to the wrath of God, and eternal condemnation, so long as they are unconverted: according to which testimony of the gospel, God will judge them both in this and the life to come.
84. How is the kingdom of heaven opened and shut by the preaching of the holy Gospel?
In this way: that, according to the command of Christ, it is proclaimed and openly witnessed to believers, one and all, that as often as they accept with true faith the promise of the Gospel, all their sins are really forgiven them of God for the sake of Christ's merits; and on the contrary, to all unbelievers and hypocrites, that the wrath of God and eternal condemnation abide on them so long as they are not converted: according to which witness of the Gospel will be the judgment of God, both in this life and in that which is to come.
84. Wie wird das Himmelreich durch die Predigt des heiligen Evangeliums auf- und zugeschlossen?
Also, daß nach dem Befehl Christi allen und jeden Gläubigen verkündigt und öffentlich bezeuget wird, daß ihnen, so oft sie die Verheißung des Evangeliums mit wahrem Glauben annehmen, wahrhaftig alle ihre Sünden von Gott, um des Verdienstes Christi willen, vergeben sind; und hinwiederum allen Ungläubigen und Heuchlern, daß der Zorn Gottes und die ewige Verdammniß auf ihnen liegt, so lange sie sich nicht bekehren. Nach welchem Zeugniß des Evangelii Gott beide in diesem und dem zukünftigen Leben urtheilen will.
85. How is the kingdom of heaven closed and opened by Christian discipline?
According to the command of Christ: Those who, though called Christians, profess unchristian teachings or live unchristian lives, and who, after repeated personal and loving admonitions, refuse to abandon their errors and evil ways, and who, after being reported to the church, that is, to those ordained by the church for that purpose, fail to respond also to the church’s admonitions— such persons the church excludes from the Christian community by withholding the sacraments from them, and God also excludes them from the kingdom of Christ. Such persons, when promising and demonstrating genuine reform, are received again as members of Christ and of his church.
85. How is the kingdom of heaven shut and opened by Christian discipline?
Thus: when according to the command of Christ, those, who under the name of Christians, maintain doctrines or practices inconsistent therewith, and will not, after having been often brotherly admonished, renounce their errors and wicked course of life, are complained of to the Church, or to those, who are thereunto appointed by the Church: and if they despise their admonition, are by them forbid the use of the sacraments; whereby they are excluded from the Christian Church, and by God himself from the kingdom of Christ; and when they promise and show real amendments, are again received as members of Christ and his Church.
85. How is the kingdom of heaven shut and opened by Church discipline?
In this way: that, according to the command of Christ, if any under the Christian name show themselves unsound either in doctrine or life, and after repeated brotherly admonition refuse to turn from their errors or evil ways, they are complained of to the Church or to its proper officers, and, if they neglect to hear them also, are by them excluded from the holy Sacraments and the Christian communion, and by God himself from the kingdom of Christ; and if they promise and show real amendment, they are again received as members of Christ and his Church.
85. Wie wird das Himmelreich auf- und zugeschlossen durch die christliche Bußzucht?
Also, daß nach dem Befehl Christi diejenigen, so unter dem christlichen Namen unchristliche Lehre oder Wandel führen, nachdem sie etlichemal brüderlich vermahnet sind, und von ihren Irrthümern oder Lastern nicht abstehen, der Kirche, oder denen, so von der Kirche dazu verordnet sind, angezeiget, und so sie sich an derselben Vermahnung auch nicht kehren, von ihnen durch Verbietung der heiligen Sacramente aus der christlichen Gemeine, und von Gott selbst aus dem Reiche Christi werden ausgeschlossen; und wiederum als Glieder Christi und der Kirche angenommen, wenn sie wahre Besserung verheißen und erzeigen.
Gratitude
Lord’s Day 32Why Do Good Works?
Watch & study86. Since we have been delivered from our misery by grace through Christ without any merit of our own, why then should we do good works?
Because Christ, having redeemed us by his blood, is also renewing us by his Spirit into his image, so that with our whole lives we may show that we are thankful to God for his benefits, and that he may be praised through us, and further, so that we may be assured of our faith by its fruits, and by our godly living our neighbors may be won over to Christ.
86. Since then we are delivered from our misery, merely of grace, through Christ, without any merit of ours, why must we still do good works?
Because Christ, having redeemed and delivered us by his blood, also renews us by his Holy Spirit, after his own image; that so we may testify by the whole of our conduct, our gratitude to God for his blessings, and that he may be praised by us; also, that every one may be assured in himself of his faith, by the fruits thereof; and that, by our godly conversation, others may be gained to Christ.
86. Since, then, we are redeemed from our misery by grace through Christ, without any merit of ours, why must we do good works?
Because Christ, having redeemed us by his blood, renews us also by his holy Spirit after his own image, that with our whole life we may show ourselves thankful to God for his blessing, and that he may be glorified through us; then, also, that we ourselves may be assured of our faith by the fruits thereof, and by our godly walk may win our neighbors also to Christ.
86. Dieweil wir denn aus unserm Elend, ohne all unser Verdienst, aus Gnaden durch Christum erlöset sind, warum sollen wir gute Werke thun?
Darum, daß Christus, nachdem Er uns mit seinem Blut erkauft hat, uns auch durch seinen Heiligen Geist erneuert zu seinem Ebenbild, daß wir mit unserm ganzen Leben uns dankbar gegen Gott für seine Wohlthat erzeigen, und Er durch uns gepriesen werde. Darnach auch, daß wir bei uns selbst unsers Glaubens aus seinen Früchten gewiß seien, und mit unserm gottseligen Wandel unsern Nächsten auch Christo gewinnen.
87. Can those be saved who do not turn to God from their ungrateful and unrepentant ways?
By no means. Scripture tells us that no unchaste person, no idolater, adulterer, thief, no covetous person, no drunkard, slanderer, robber, or the like will inherit the kingdom of God.
87. Cannot they then be saved, who continuing in their wicked and ungrateful lives, are not converted to God?
By no means: for the holy Scripture declares that no unchaste person, idolater, adulterer, thief, covetous man, drunkard, slanderer, robber, or any such like, shall inherit the kingdom of God.
87. Can they, then, not be saved who do not turn to God from their unthankful, impenitent life?
By no means; for, as the Scripture saith, no unchaste person, idolater, adulterer, thief, covetous man, drunkard, slanderer, robber, or any such like, shall inherit the kingdom of God.
87. Können denn die nicht selig werden, die sich von ihrem undankbaren, unbußfertigen Wandel zu Gott nicht bekehren?
Keineswegs; denn, wie die Schrift sagt: Kein Unkeuscher, Abgöttischer, Ehebrecher, Dieb, Geiziger, Trunkenbold, Lästerer, Räuber und dergleichen, wird das Reich Gottes erben.
Lord’s Day 33True Repentance
Watch & study88. What is involved in genuine repentance or conversion?
Two things: the dying-away of the old self, and the rising-to-life of the new.
88. Of how many parts doth the true conversion of man consist?
Of two parts; of the mortification of the old, and of the quickening of the new man.
88. In how many things does true repentance or conversion consist?
In two things: the dying of the old man, and the quickening of the new.
88. In wie viel Stücken stehet die wahrhaftige Buße oder Bekehrung des Menschen?
In zwei Stücken: in Absterbung des alten, und Auferstehung des neuen Menschen.
89. What is the dying-away of the old self?
To be genuinely sorry for sin and more and more to hate and run away from it.
89. What is the mortification of the old man?
It is a sincere sorrow of heart, that we have provoked God by our sins, and more and more to hate and flee from them.
89. What is the dying of the old man?
Heartfelt sorrow for sin; causing us to hate and turn from it always more and more.
89. Was ist die Absterbung des alten Menschen?
Sich die Sünde von Herzen lassen leid sein, und dieselbe je länger je mehr hassen und fliehen.
90. What is the rising-to-life of the new self?
Wholehearted joy in God through Christ and a love and delight to live according to the will of God by doing every kind of good work.
90. What is the quickening of the new man?
It is a sincere joy of heart in God, through Christ, and with love and delight to live according to the will of God in all good works.
90. What is the quickening of the new man?
Heartfelt joy in God; causing us to take delight in living according to the will of God in all good works.
90. Was ist die Auferstehung des neuen Menschen?
Herzliche Freude in Gott durch Christum, und Lust und Liebe haben, nach dem Willen Gottes in allen guten Werken zu leben.
91. But what are good works?
Only those which are done out of true faith, conform to God’s law, and are done for his glory; and not those based on our own opinion or human tradition.
91. But what are good works?
Only those which proceed from a true faith, are performed according to the law of God, and to his glory; and not such as are founded on our imaginations, or the institutions of men.
91. But what are good works?
Those only which are done from true faith, according to the law of God, for his glory; and not such as rest on our own opinion or the commandments of men.
91. Welches sind aber gute Werke?
Allein die aus wahrem Glauben nach dem Gesetz Gottes ihm zu Ehren geschehen, und nicht die auf unser Gutdünken oder Menschen-Satzung gegründet sind.
Lord’s Day 34The First Commandment
Watch & study92. What is God’s law?
God spoke all these words:
THE FIRST COMMANDMENT I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery; you shall have no other gods before me.
THE SECOND COMMANDMENT You shall not make for yourself an idol, whether in the form of anything that is in heaven above, or that is on the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. You shall not bow down to them or worship them; for I the Lord your God am a jealous God, punishing children for the iniquity of parents, to the third and fourth generation of those who reject me, but showing love to the thousandth generation of those who love me and keep my commandments.
THE THIRD COMMANDMENT You shall not make wrongful use of the name of the Lord your God, for the Lord will not acquit anyone who misuses his name.
THE FOURTH COMMANDMENT Remember the Sabbath day and keep it holy. Six days you shall labor and do all your work. But the seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God; you shall not do any work— you, your son or your daughter, your male or female servant, your livestock, or the alien resident in your towns. For in six days the Lord made the heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, but rested the seventh day; therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and consecrated it.
THE FIFTH COMMANDMENT Honor your father and your mother, so that your days may be long in the land that the Lord your God is giving to you.
THE SIXTH COMMANDMENT You shall not murder.
THE SEVENTH COMMANDMENT You shall not commit adultery.
THE EIGHTH COMMANDMENT You shall not steal.
THE NINTH COMMANDMENT You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.
THE TENTH COMMANDMENT You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or male or female servant, or ox, or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.
92. What is the law of God?
God spake all these words, Exod. xx., Deut. v., saying, I am the LORD thy God which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.
I. Com. Thou shalt have no other gods before me.
II. Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, nor any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I, the LORD thy God, am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children, unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me, and showing mercy unto thousands of them that love me and keep my commandments.
III. Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain: for the LORD will not hold him guiltless, that taketh his name in vain.
IV. Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days shalt thou labour and do all thy work; but the seventh day is the sabbath of the LORD thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy man-servant, nor thy maid-servant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates. For in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the LORD blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it.
V. Honour thy father and thy mother, that thy days may be long upon the land, which the LORD thy God giveth thee.
VI. Thou shalt not kill.
VII. Thou shalt not commit adultery.
VIII. Thou shalt not steal.
IX. Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour.
X. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house; thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his man-servant, nor his maid-servant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour's.
92. What is the law of God?
God spake all these words, saying:
First Commandment. I am the Lord thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. Thou shalt have no other gods before me.
Second Commandment. Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth; thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them. For I the Lord thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me; and showing mercy unto thousands of them that love me and keep my commandments.
Third Commandment. Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain; for the Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain.
Fourth Commandment. Remember the Sabbath day to keep it holy. Six days shalt thou labor, and do all thy work: but the seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord thy God; in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy man-servant, nor thy maid-servant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates. For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day; wherefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day, and hallowed it.
Fifth Commandment. Honor thy father and thy mother; that thy days may be long upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee.
Sixth Commandment. Thou shalt not kill.
Seventh Commandment. Thou shalt not commit adultery.
Eighth Commandment. Thou shalt not steal.
Ninth Commandment. Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor.
Tenth Commandment. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house; thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife, nor his man-servant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbor's.
92. Wie lautet das Gesetz des Herrn?
Gott redet alle diese Worte:
Das Erste Gebot. Ich bin der Herr, dein Gott, der Ich dich aus Aegyptenland, aus dem Diensthause, geführet habe. Du sollst keine anderen Götter vor Mir haben.
Das Andere Gebot. Du sollst dir kein Bildniß, noch irgend ein Gleichniß machen, weder deß, das oben im Himmel, noch deß, das unten auf Erden, oder deß, das im Wasser unter der Erde ist; du sollst sie nicht anbeten, noch ihnen dienen. Denn Ich, der Herr, dein Gott, bin ein starker, eifriger Gott, der die Missethat der Väter heimsucht an den Kindern bis in's dritte und vierte Glied, derer, die Mich hassen, und thue Barmherzigkeit an vielen Tausenden, die Mich lieben und Meine Gebote halten.
Das Dritte Gebot. Du sollst den Namen des Herrn, deines Gottes, nicht mißbrauchen, denn der Herr wird den nicht ungestraft lassen, der seinen Namen mißbraucht.
Das Vierte Gebot. Gedenke des Sabbathtages, daß du ihn heiligest. Sechs Tage sollst du arbeiten, und alle deine Werke thun: aber am siebenten Tage ist der Sabbath des Herrn, deines Gottes; da sollst du keine Arbeit thun, noch dein Sohn, noch deine Tochter, noch dein Knecht, noch deine Magd, noch dein Vieh, noch der Fremdling, der in deinen Thoren ist; denn in sechs Tagen hat der Herr Himmel und Erde gemacht, und das Meer, und alles, was darinnen ist, und ruhete am siebenten Tage: darum segnete der Herr den Sabbathtag, und heiligte ihn. Das Fünfte Gebot. Du sollst deinen Vater und deine Mutter ehren, auf daß du lange lebest im Lande, das dir der Herr, dein Gott, giebt.
Das Sechste Gebot. Du sollst nicht tödten.
Das Siebente Gebot. Du sollst nicht ehebrechen.
Das Achte Gebot. Du sollst nicht stehlen.
Das Neunte Gebot. Du sollst kein falsch Zeugniß reden wider deinen Nächsten.
Das Zehnte Gebot. Laß dich nicht gelüsten deines Nächsten Hauses; laß dich nicht gelüsten deines Nächsten Weibes, noch seines Knechts, noch seiner Magd, noch seines Ochsens, noch seines Esels, noch alles, was dein Nächster hat.
93. How are these commandments divided?
Into two tables. The first has four commandments, teaching us how we should live in relation to God. The second has six commandments, teaching us what we owe our neighbor.
93. How are these ten commands divided?
Into two tables: the first of which teaches us, how we must behave towards God; the second, what duties we owe to our neighbour.
93. How are these Commandments divided?
Into two tables: the first of which teaches us, in four commandments, what duties we owe to God; the second, in six, what duties we owe to our neighbor.
93. Wie werden diese Gebote getheilet?
In zwei Tafeln: deren die erste in vier Geboten lehret, wie wir uns gegen Gott sollen halten; die andere in sechs Geboten, was wir unserm Nächsten schuldig sind.
94. What does the Lord require in the first commandment?
That I, not wanting to endanger my own salvation, avoid and shun all idolatry, sorcery, superstitious rites, and prayer to saints or to other creatures. That I rightly know the only true God, trust him alone, and look to God for every good thing humbly and patiently, and love, fear, and honor him with all my heart. In short, that I renounce all created things rather than go against God’s will in any way.
94. What doth God enjoin in the first command?
That I, as sincerely as I desire the salvation of my own soul, avoid and flee from all idolatry, sorcery, soothsaying, superstition, invocation of saints, or any other creatures; and learn rightly to know the only true God; trust in him alone; with humility and patience submit to him; expect all good things from him only; love, fear, and glorify him with my whole heart: so that I renounce and forsake all creatures, rather than commit even the least thing contrary to his will.
94. What does God require in the first commandment?
That, on peril of my soul's salvation, I avoid and flee all idolatry, sorcery, enchantments, invocation of saints or of other creatures; and that I rightly acknowledge the only true God, trust in him alone, with all humility and patience expect all good from him only, and love, fear, and honor him with my whole heart; so as rather to renounce all creatures than do the least thing against his will.
94. Was fordert der Herr im ersten Gebot?
Daß ich, bei Verlierung meiner Seelen Heil und Seligkeit, alle Abgötterei, Zauberei, abergläubische Segen, Anrufung der Heiligen oder anderer Creaturen, meiden und fliehen soll, und den einigen wahren Gott recht erkennen, ihm allein vertrauen, in aller Demuth und Geduld, von ihm allein alles Gute gewarten, und ihn von ganzem Herzen lieben, fürchten, und ehren; also, daß ich ehe alle Creaturen übergebe, denn in dem Geringsten wider seinen Willen thue.
95. What is idolatry?
Idolatry is having or inventing something in which one trusts in place of or alongside of the only true God, who has revealed himself in his Word.
95. What is idolatry?
Idolatry is, instead of or besides that one true God, who has manifested himself in his word, to contrive or have any other object, in which men place their trust.
95. What is idolatry?
It is, instead of the one true God who has revealed himself in his Word, or along with the same, to conceive or have something else on which to place our trust.
95. Was ist Abgötterei?
An Statt des einigen wahren Gottes, der sich in seinem Wort hat offenbaret, oder neben demselben, etwas anderes dichten oder haben, darauf der Mensch sein Vertrauen setzt.
Lord’s Day 35The Second Commandment
Watch & study96. What is God’s will for us in the second commandment?
That we in no way make any image of God nor worship him in any other way than has been commanded in God’s Word.
96. What doth God require in the second command?
That we in no wise represent God by images, nor worship him in any other way than he has commanded in his word.
96. What does God require in the second commandment?
That we in nowise make any image of God, nor worship him in any other way than he has commanded in his Word.
96. Was will Gott im andern Gebot?
Daß wir Gott in keinem Wege verbilden, noch auf irgend eine andere Weise, denn Er in seinem Wort befohlen hat, verehren sollen.
97. May we then not make any image at all?
God cannot and may not be visibly portrayed in any way. Although creatures may be portrayed, yet God forbids making or having such images in order to worship them or serve God through them.
97. Are images then not at all to be made?
God neither can, nor may be represented by any means: but as to creatures, though they may be represented, yet God forbids to make, or have any resemblance of them, either in order to worship them, or to serve God by them.
97. Must we, then, not make any image at all?
God may not and can not be imaged in any way; as for creatures, though they may indeed be imaged, yet God forbids the making or keeping any likeness of them, either to worship them, or by them to serve himself.
97. Soll man denn gar kein Bildniß machen?
Gott kann und soll keineswegs abgebildet werden; die Creaturen aber, ob sie schon mögen abgebildet werden, so verbietet doch Gott derselben Bildniß zu machen und zu haben, daß man sie verehre, oder ihm damit diene.
98. But may not images, as books for the unlearned, be permitted in churches?
No, we should not try to be wiser than God. He wants the Christian community instructed by the living preaching of his Word — not by idols that cannot even talk.
98. But may not images be tolerated in the churches, as books of the laity?
No: for we must not pretend to be wiser than God, who will have his people taught, not by dumb images, but by the lively preaching of his word.
98. But may not pictures be tolerated in churches as books for the laity?
No; for we should not be wiser than God, who will not have his people taught by dumb idols, but by the lively preaching of his Word.
98. Mögen aber nicht die Bilder als der Laien Bücher in den Kirchen geduldet werden?
Nein: denn wir sollen nicht weiser sein denn Gott, welcher seine Christenheit nicht durch stumme Götzen, sondern durch die lebendige Predigt seines Worts will unterwiesen haben.
Lord’s Day 36The Third Commandment
Watch & study99. What is God’s will for us in the third commandment?
That we neither blaspheme nor misuse the name of God by cursing, perjury, or unnecessary oaths, nor share in such horrible sins by being silent bystanders. In summary, we must use the holy name of God only with reverence and awe, so that we may properly confess him, call upon him, and praise him in everything we do and say.
99. What is required in the third command?
That we, not only by cursing or perjury, but also by rash swearing, must not profane or abuse the name of God, nor by silence or connivance be partakers of these horrible sins in others: and, briefly, that we use the holy name of God no otherwise than with fear and reverence; so that he may be rightly confessed and worshipped by us, and be glorified in all our words and works.
99. What is required in the third commandment?
That we must not by cursing, or by false swearing, nor yet by unnecessary oaths, profane or abuse the name of God; nor even by our silence and connivance be partakers of these horrible sins in others; and in sum, that we use the holy name of God no otherwise than with fear and reverence, so that he may be rightly confessed and worshiped by us, and be glorified in all our words and works.
99. Was will das dritte Gebot?
Daß wir nicht allein mit Fluchen, oder mit falschem Eid, sondern auch mit unnöthigem Schwören den Namen Gottes nicht lästern oder mißbrauchen, noch uns mit unserm Stillschweigen und Zusehen, solcher schrecklichen Sünden theilhaftig machen; und in Summa, daß wir den heiligen Namen Gottes anders nicht, denn mit Furcht und Ehrerbietung gebrauchen, auf daß er von uns recht bekennet, angerufen, und in allen unsern Worten und Werken gepriesen werde.
100. Is blasphemy of God’s name by swearing and cursing really such serious sin that God is angry also with those who do not do all they can to help prevent and forbid it?
Yes, indeed. No sin is greater or provokes God’s wrath more than blaspheming his name. That is why he commanded it to be punished with death.
100. Is then the profaning of God's name, by swearing and cursing, so heinous a sin, that his wrath is kindled against those who do not endeavour, as much as in them lies, to prevent and forbid such cursing and swearing?
It undoubtedly is: for there is no sin greater, or more provoking to God, than the profaning of his name; and therefore he has commanded this sin to be punished with death.
100. Is, then, the profaning of God's name, by swearing and cursing, so grievous a sin that his wrath is kindled against those also who seek not, as much as in them lies, to hinder and forbid the same?
Yes, truly; for no sin is greater or more provoking to God than the profaning of his name. Wherefore he even commanded it to be punished with death.
100. Ist denn mit Fluchen und Schwören Gottes Namen lästern so eine schwere Sünde, daß Gott auch über die zürnet, die, so viel an ihnen ist, dieselbe nicht helfen wehren und verbieten?
Ja freilich: denn keine Sünde größer ist, noch Gott heftiger erzürnet, denn Lästerung seines Namens: darum er sie auch mit dem Tode zu strafen befohlen hat.
Lord’s Day 37Oaths & Vows
Watch & study101. But may we swear an oath in God’s name if we do it reverently?
Yes, when the government demands it, or when necessity requires it, in order to maintain and promote truth and trustworthiness for God’s glory and our neighbor’s good. Such oath-taking is grounded in God’s Word and was rightly used by the saints in the Old and New Testaments.
101. May we then swear religiously by the name of God?
Yes: either when the magistrates demand it of the subjects, or when necessity requires us thereby to confirm a fidelity and truth to the glory of God, and the safety of our neighbour: for such an oath is founded on God's word, and therefore was justly used by the saints, both in the Old and New Testament.
101. But may we not swear by the name of God in a religious manner?
Yes; when the magistrate requires it, or it may be needful otherwise to maintain and promote fidelity and truth, to the glory of God and our neighbor's good. For such swearing is grounded in God's Word, and therefore was rightly used by the saints in the Old and New Testament.
101. Mag man aber auch gottselig bei dem Namen Gottes einen Eid schwören?
Ja: wenn es die Obrigkeit von ihren Unterthanen oder sonst die Noth erfordert, Treue und Wahrheit zu Gottes Ehre und des Nächsten Heil dadurch zu erhalten und zu fördern. Denn solches Eidschwören ist in Gottes Wort gegründet, und derhalben von den Heiligen im alten und neuen Testament recht gebraucht worden.
102. May we also swear by saints or other created things?
No. A legitimate oath is calling upon God as the one who knows my heart to witness to the truth and to punish me if I swear falsely. No created thing is worthy of such honor.
102. May we also swear by saints or any other creatures?
No: for a lawful oath is calling upon God, as the only one who knows the heart; that he will bear witness to the truth, and punish me, if I swear falsely; which honour is due to no creature.
102. May we swear by the saints or any other creatures?
No; for a lawful oath is a calling upon God, as the only searcher of hearts, to bear witness to the truth, and to punish me if I swear falsely; which honor is due to no creature.
102. Mag man auch bei den Heiligen, oder andern Creaturen einen Eid schwören?
Nein: denn ein rechtmäßiger Eid ist eine Anrufung Gottes, daß Er, als der einige Herzenskündiger, der Wahrheit Zeugniß wolle geben, und mich strafen, so ich falsch schwöre, welche Ehre denn keiner Creatur gebühret.
Lord’s Day 38The Fourth Commandment
Watch & study103. What is God’s will for you in the fourth commandment?
First, that the gospel ministry and schools for it be maintained, and that, especially on the festive day of rest, I diligently attend the assembly of God’s people to learn what God’s Word teaches, to participate in the sacraments, to pray to the Lord publicly, and to bring Christian offerings for the poor. Second, that every day of my life I rest from my evil ways, let the Lord work in me through his Spirit, and so begin in this life the eternal Sabbath.
103. What doth God require in the fourth command?
First; that the ministry of the Gospel, and the schools be maintained; and that I, especially on the Sabbath, that is, on the day of rest, diligently frequent the Church of God, to hear his word, to use the sacraments, publicly to call upon the Lord, and contribute to the relief of the poor, as becomes a Christian; secondly, that all the days of my life I cease from my evil works, and yield myself to the Lord, to work by his Holy Spirit in me: and thus begin in this life the eternal Sabbath.
103. What does God require in the fourth commandment?
In the first place, that the ministry of the Gospel and schools be maintained; and that I, especially on the day. of rest, diligently attend church, to learn the Word of God, to use the holy Sacraments, to call publicly upon the Lord, and to give Christian alms. In the second place, that all the days of my life I rest from my evil works, allow the Lord to work in me by his Spirit, and thus begin in this life the everlasting Sabbath.
103. Was will Gott im vierten Gebot?
Gott will erstlich, daß das Predigtamt und Schulen erhalten werden, und ich, sonderlich am Feiertag, zu der Gemeine Gottes fleißig komme, das Wort Gottes zu lernen, die heiligen Sacramente zu gebrauchen, den Herrn öffentlich anzurufen, und das christliche Almosen zu geben. Zum andern, daß ich alle Tage meines Lebens von meinen bösen Werken feire, den Herrn durch seinen Geist in mir wirken lasse, und also den ewigen Sabbath in diesem Leben anfange.
Lord’s Day 39The Fifth Commandment
Watch & study104. What is God’s will for you in the fifth commandment?
That I show honor, love, and faithfulness to my father and mother and all those in authority over me; submit myself with proper obedience to all their good teaching and discipline; and also that I be patient with their failings — for by their hand God wills to rule us.
104. What doth God require in the fifth command?
That I show all honour, love and fidelity, to my father and mother, and all in authority over me, and submit myself to their good instruction and correction, with due obedience; and also patiently bear with their weaknesses and infirmities, since it pleases God to govern us by their hand.
104. What does God require in the fifth commandment?
That I show all honor, love, and faithfulness to my father and mother, and to all in authority over me; submit myself with due obedience to all their good instruction and correction, and also bear patiently with their infirmities, since it is God's will to govern us by their hand.
104. Was will Gott im fünften Gebot?
Daß ich meinem Vater und Mutter, und allen, die mir vorgesetzt sind, alle Ehre, Liebe und Treue beweisen, und mich aller guten Lehre und Strafe mit gebührlichem Gehorsam unterwerfen, und auch mit ihren Gebrechen Geduld haben soll, dieweil uns Gott durch ihre Hand regieren will.
Lord’s Day 40The Sixth Commandment
Watch & study105. What is God’s will for you in the sixth commandment?
I am not to belittle, hate, insult, or kill my neighbor— not by my thoughts, my words, my look or gesture, and certainly not by actual deeds— and I am not to be party to this in others; rather, I am to put away all desire for revenge. I am not to harm or recklessly endanger myself either. Prevention of murder is also why government is armed with the sword.
105. What doth God require in the sixth command?
That neither in thoughts, nor words, nor gestures, much less in deeds, I dishonour, hate, wound or kill my neighbour, by myself or by another; but that I lay aside all desire of revenge; also, that I hurt not myself, nor wilfully expose myself to any danger: wherefore also the magistrate is armed with the sword, to prevent murder.
105. What does God require in the sixth commandment?
That I neither in thought, nor in word or look, much less in deed, revile, hate, insult, or kill my neighbor, whether by myself or by another; but lay aside all desire of revenge: moreover, that I harm not myself, nor willfully run into any danger. Wherefore, also, to restrain murder, the magistrate is armed with the sword.
105. Was will Gott im sechsten Gebot?
Daß ich meinen Nächsten weder mit Gedanken, noch mit Worten oder Geberden, viel weniger mit der That, durch mich selbst oder Andere, schmähen, hassen, beleidigen oder tödten; sondern alle Rachgierigkeit ablegen, auch mich selbst nicht beschädigen, oder muthwillig in Gefahr begeben soll. Darum auch die Obrigkeit, dem Todtschlag zu wehren, das Schwert trägt.
106. Does this commandment refer only to murder?
By forbidding murder God teaches us that he hates the root of murder: envy, hatred, anger, vengefulness. In God’s sight all such are disguised forms of murder.
106. But this command seems only to speak of murder?
In forbidding murder, God teaches us that he abhors the causes thereof: such as envy, hatred, anger, and desire of revenge; and that he accounts all these as murder.
106. But this commandment speaks only of killing.
In forbidding this, however, God means to teach us that he abhors the root of murder—namely, envy, hatred, anger, and desire of revenge; and that all these are in his sight hidden murder.
106. Redet doch dieß Gebot allein vom Tödten.
Es will uns aber Gott durch Verbietung des Todtschlags lehren, daß Er die Wurzel des Todtschlags, als Neid, Haß, Zorn, Rachgierigkeit, hasset, und daß solches alles vor ihm ein heimlicher Todtschlag sei.
107. Is it enough then that we do not murder our neighbor in any such way?
No. By condemning envy, hatred, and anger God wants us to love our neighbors as ourselves, to be patient, peace-loving, gentle, merciful, and friendly toward them, to protect them from harm as much as we can, and to do good even to our enemies.
107. But is it enough that we do not kill any man in the manner mentioned above?
No: for when God forbids envy, hatred and anger, he commands us to love our neighbour as ourselves; to show patience, peace, meekness, mercy, and all kindness, towards him; and prevent his hurt as much as in us lies: and that we do good even to our enemies.
107. Is it, then, enough that we do not kill our neighbor in any such way?
No; for in condemning envy, hatred, and anger, God requires us to love our neighbor as ourselves, to show patience, peace, meekness, mercy, and kindness towards him, and, so far as we have power, to prevent his hurt; also, to do good even unto our enemies.
107. Ist's aber damit genug, daß wir unsern Nächsten, wie gemeldet, nicht tödten?
Nein: denn indem Gott Neid, Haß und Zorn verdammt, will Er von uns haben, daß wir unsern Nächsten lieben, als uns selbst, gegen ihn Geduld, Friede, Sanftmuth, Barmherzigkeit und Freundlichkeit erzeigen, seinen Schaden, so viel uns möglich, abwenden, und auch unsern Feinden Gutes thun.
Lord’s Day 41The Seventh Commandment
Watch & study108. What is God’s will for us in the seventh commandment?
That God condemns all unchastity, and that we should therefore detest it wholeheartedly and live decent and chaste lives, within or outside of the holy state of marriage.
108. What doth the seventh command teach us?
That all uncleanness is accursed of God; and that therefore we must with all our hearts detest the same, and live chastely and temperately, whether in holy wedlock or in a single life.
108. What does the seventh commandment teach us?
That all unchastity is accursed of God; and that we should therefore loathe it from the heart, and live chastely and modestly, whether in holy wedlock or single life.
108. Was will das siebente Gebot?
Daß alle Unkeuschheit von Gott vermaledeiet sei, und daß wir darum ihr von Herzen feind sein, und keusch und züchtig leben sollen, es sei im heiligen Ehestand, oder außerhalb desselben.
109. Does God, in this commandment, forbid only such scandalous sins as adultery?
We are temples of the Holy Spirit, body and soul, and God wants both to be kept clean and holy. That is why God forbids all unchaste actions, looks, talk, thoughts, or desires, and whatever may incite someone to them.
109. Doth God forbid in this command, only adultery, and such like gross sins?
Since both our body and soul are temples of the Holy Ghost, he commands us to preserve them pure and holy; therefore he forbids all unchaste actions, gestures, words, thoughts, desires, and whatever can entice men thereto.
109. Does God in this commandment forbid nothing more than adultery, and such like gross sins?
Since our body and soul are both temples of the Holy Ghost, it is his will that we keep both pure and holy; for which reason he forbids all unchaste actions, gestures, words, thoughts, desires, and whatever may entice thereto.
109. Verbietet Gott in diesem Gebot nichts mehr denn Ehebruch und dergleichen Schanden?
Dieweil beide unser Leib und Seele ein Tempel des Heiligen Geistes sind: so will Er, daß wir sie beide sauber und heilig bewahren; verbietet derhalben alle unkeusche Thaten, Geberden, Worte, Gedanken, Lust, und was den Menschen dazu reizen mag.
Lord’s Day 42The Eighth Commandment
Watch & study110. What does God forbid in the eighth commandment?
He forbids not only outright theft and robbery, which governing authorities punish, but in God’s sight theft also includes all evil tricks and schemes designed to get our neighbor’s goods for ourselves, whether by force or means that appear legitimate, such as inaccurate measurements of weight, size, or volume; fraudulent merchandising; counterfeit money; excessive interest; or any other means forbidden by God. In addition God forbids all greed and pointless squandering of his gifts.
110. What doth God forbid in the eighth command?
God forbids not only those thefts, and robberies, which are punishable by the magistrate; but he comprehends under the name of theft all wicked tricks and devices, whereby we design to appropriate to ourselves the goods which belong to our neighbour: whether it be by force, or under the appearance of right; as by unjust weights, ells, measures, fraudulent merchandise, false coins, usury, or by any other way forbidden by God; as also all covetousness, all abuse and waste of his gifts.
110. What does God forbid in the eighth commandment?
Not only such theft and robbery as are punished by the magistrate, but God views as theft also all wicked tricks and devices whereby we seek to draw to ourselves our neighbor's goods, whether by force or with show of right, such as unjust weights, ells, measures, wares, coins, usury, or any means forbidden of God; so, moreover, all covetousness, and all useless waste of his gifts.
110. Was verbietet Gott im achten Gebot?
Er verbietet nicht allein den Diebstahl und Räuberei, welche die Obrigkeit straft; sondern Gott nennet auch Diebstahl alle böse Stücke und Anschläge, damit wir unseres Nächsten Gut gedenken an uns zu bringen, es sei mit Gewalt oder Schein des Rechtes, als unrechtem Gewicht, Elle, Maß, Waare, Münze, Wucher, oder durch einiges Mittel, das von Gott verboten ist; dazu auch allen Geiz und unnütze Verschwendung seiner Gaben.
111. What does God require of you in this commandment?
That I do whatever I can and may for my neighbor’s good, that I treat others as I would like them to treat me, and that I work faithfully so that I may help the needy in their hardship.
111. But what doth God require in this command?
That I promote the advantage of my neighbour in every instance I can or may; and deal with him as I desire to be dealt with by others; further also, that I faithfully labour, so that I may be able to relieve the needy.
111. But what does God require of thee in this commandment?
That I further my neighbor's good where I can and may, deal with him as I would have others deal with me, and labor faithfully that I may be able to help the poor in their need.
111. Was gebietet dir aber Gott in diesem Gebot?
Daß ich meines Nächsten Nutzen, wo ich kann und mag, fördere, gegen ihn also handele, wie ich wollte, daß man mit mir handelte, und treulich arbeite, auf daß ich dem Dürftigen in seiner Noth helfen möge.
Lord’s Day 43The Ninth Commandment
Watch & study112. What is God’s will for you in the ninth commandment?
That I never give false testimony against anyone, twist no one’s words, not gossip or slander, nor join in condemning anyone rashly or without a hearing. Rather, I should avoid, under penalty of God’s wrath, every kind of lying and deceit as the very works of the devil; and, in court and everywhere else, I should love the truth, speak it candidly, and openly acknowledge it. And I should do what I can to defend and advance my neighbor’s honor and reputation.
112. What is required in the ninth command?
That I bear false witness against no man; nor falsify any man's words; that I be no backbiter, nor slanderer; that I do not judge, or join in condemning any man rashly, or unheard; but that I avoid all sorts of lies and deceit, as the proper works of the devil, unless I would bring down upon me the heavy wrath of God: likewise that in judgment and all other dealings I love the truth, speak it uprightly and confess it; also that I defend and promote, as much as I am able, the honour and good character of my neighbour.
112. What is required in the ninth commandment?
That I bear false witness against no one; wrest no one's words; be no backbiter or slanderer; join in condemning no one unheard and rashly: but that I avoid, on pain of God's heavy wrath, all lying and deceit, as being the proper works of the devil; in matters of judgment and justice, and in all other affairs, love, honestly speak and confess the truth; and, so far as I can, defend and promote my neighbor's good name.
112. Was will das neunte Gebot?
Daß ich wider Niemand falsch Zeugniß gebe, Niemand seine Worte verkehre, kein Afterreder und Lästerer sei, Niemand unverhört und leichtlich verdammen helfe; sondern allerlei Lügen und Trügen, als eigene Werke des Teufels, bei schwerem Gottes-Zorn vermeide, in Gerichts- und allen andern Handlungen die Wahrheit liebe, aufrichtig sage und bekenne, auch meines Nächsten Ehre und Glimpf, nach meinem Vermögen, rette und fördere.
Lord’s Day 44The Tenth Commandment
Watch & study113. What is God’s will for you in the tenth commandment?
That not even the slightest desire or thought contrary to any one of God’s commandments should ever arise in our hearts. Rather, with all our hearts we should always hate sin and delight in all righteousness.
113. What doth the tenth commandment require of us?
That even the smallest inclination or thought, contrary to any of God's commands, never rise in our hearts; but that at all times we hate all sin with our whole hearts, and delight in all righteousness.
113. What is required in the tenth commandment?
That not even the least inclination or thought against any of God's commandments ever enter into our heart; but that, with our whole heart, we continually hate all sin, and take pleasure in all righteousness.
113. Was will das zehnte Gebot?
Daß auch die geringste Lust oder Gedanken wider irgend ein Gebot Gottes in unser Herz nimmermehr kommen; sondern wir für und für von ganzem Herzen aller Sünde feind sein, und Lust zu aller Gerechtigkeit haben sollen.
114. But can those converted to God keep these commandments perfectly?
No. In this life even the holiest have only a small beginning of this obedience. Nevertheless, with all seriousness of purpose, they do begin to live according to all, not only some, of God’s commandments.
114. But can those, who are converted to God, perfectly keep these commands?
No: but even the holiest men, while in this life have only small beginnings of this obedience; yet so, that with a sincere resolution, they begin to live, not only according to some, but all the commands of God.
114. Can those who are converted to God keep these commandments perfectly?
No; but even the holiest men, while in this life, have only a small beginning of this obedience, yet so that with earnest purpose they begin to live, not only according to some, but according to all the commandments of God.
114. Können aber die, so zu Gott bekehret sind, solche Gebote vollkommen halten?
Nein; sondern es haben auch die Allerheiligsten, so lange sie in diesem Leben sind, nur einen geringen Anfang dieses Gehorsams; doch also, daß sie mit erstlichem Vorsatz, nicht allein nach etlichen, sondern nach allen Geboten Gottes anfangen zu leben.
115. Since no one in this life can keep the Ten Commandments perfectly, why does God want them preached so pointedly?
First, so that all our life long we may more and more come to know our sinful nature and thus more eagerly seek the forgiveness of sins and righteousness in Christ. Second, so that we may never stop striving and never stop praying to God for the grace of the Holy Spirit, so that we may be renewed more and more after God’s image, until after this life we reach our goal: perfection.
115. Why will God then have the ten commands so strictly preached, since no man in this life can keep them?
First: that all our life time, we may learn more and more to know our sinful nature, and thus become the more earnest in seeking the remission of sin, and righteousness in Christ; likewise, that we constantly endeavour and pray to God for the grace of the Holy Spirit; that we may become more and more conformable to the image of God, till we arrive at the perfection proposed to us, in a life to come.
115. Why, then, doth God so strictly enjoin upon us the ten commandments, since in this life no one can keep them?
First, that all our life long we may learn more and more to know our sinful nature, and so the more earnestly seek forgiveness of sins and righteousness in Christ; secondly, that we may continually strive and beg from God the grace of the Holy Ghost, so as to become more and more changed into the image of God, till we attain finally to full perfection after this life.
115. Warum läßt uns denn Gott also scharf die zehn Gebote predigen, wenn sie in diesem Leben Niemand halten kann.
Erstlich, auf daß wir unser ganzes Leben lang unsere sündliche Art je länger je mehr erkennen, und [so viel] desto begieriger Vergebung der Sünden und Gerechtigkeit in Christo suchen. Darnach, daß wir ohne Unterlaß uns befleißigen, und Gott bitten um die Gnade des Heiligen Geistes, daß wir je länger je mehr zu dem Ebenbilde Gottes erneuert werden, bis wir das Ziel der Vollkommenheit nach diesem Leben erreichen.
Lord’s Day 45The Necessity of Prayer
Watch & study116. Why do Christians need to pray?
Because prayer is the most important part of the thankfulness God requires of us. And also because God will give his grace and Holy Spirit only to those who continually and with heartfelt longing ask God for these gifts and thank him for them.
116. Why is prayer necessary for Christians?
Because it is the chief part of thankfulness which God requires of us; and also because God will give his grace and Holy Spirit to those only, who with sincere desires continually ask them of him, and are thankful for them.
116. Why is prayer necessary for Christians?
Because it is the chief part of the thankfulness which God requires of us, and because God will give his grace and Holy Spirit only to such as earnestly and without ceasing beg them from him and render thanks unto him for them.
116. Warum ist den Christen das Gebet nöthig?
Darum, weil es das vornehmste Stück der Dankbarkeit ist, welche Gott von uns fordert, und weil Gott seine Gnade und Heiligen Geist allein denen will geben, die ihn mit herzlichem Seufzen ohne Unterlaß darum bitten, und ihm dafür danken.
117. How does God want us to pray so that he will listen to us?
First, we must pray from the heart to no other than the one true God, who has revealed himself to us in his Word, asking for everything he has commanded us to ask of him. Second, we must fully recognize our need and misery, so that we humble ourselves in God’s majestic presence. Third, we must rest on this unshakable foundation: even though we do not deserve it, God will surely listen to our prayer because of Christ our Lord, as he has promised us in his Word.
117. What are the requisites of that prayer, which is acceptable to God, and which he will hear?
First, that we from the heart pray to the one true God only, who hath manifested himself in his word, for all things he hath commanded us to ask of him: secondly, that we rightly and thoroughly know our need and misery, that so we may deeply humble ourselves in the presence of his Divine Majesty: thirdly, that we be fully persuaded that he, notwithstanding we are unworthy of it, will, for the sake of Christ our Lord, certainly hear our prayer, as he has promised us in his word.
117. What belongs to such prayer as God is pleased with and will hear?
First, that from the heart we call only upon the one true God, who has revealed himself to us in his Word, for all that he has commanded us to ask of him; secondly, that we thoroughly know our need and misery, so as to humble ourselves before the face of his divine majesty; thirdly, that we be firmly assured that, notwithstanding our unworthiness, he will, for the sake of Christ our Lord, certainly hear our prayer, as he has promised us in his Word.
117. Was gehört zu einem solchen Gebet, das Gott gefalle, und von ihm erhört werde?
Erstlich, daß wir allein den einigen wahren Gott, der sich uns in seinem Wort hat geoffenbaret, um alles, das er uns zu bitten befohlen hat, von Herzen anrufen. Zum andern, daß wir unsere Noth und Elend recht gründlich erkennen, uns vor dem Angesicht seiner Majestät zu demüthigen. Zum dritten, daß wir diesen festen Grund haben, daß Er unser Gebet, unangesehen, daß wir's unwürdig sind, doch um des Herrn Christi willen gewißlich wolle erhören, wie Er uns in seinem Wort verheißen hat.
118. What has God commanded us to ask of him?
Everything we need, spiritually and physically, as embraced in the prayer Christ our Lord himself taught us.
118. What hath God commanded us to ask of him?
All things necessary for soul and body; which Christ our Lord has comprised in that prayer, he himself has taught us.
118. What has God commanded us to ask of him?
All things necessary for soul and body, which Christ our Lord has comprised in the prayer taught us by himself.
118. Was hat uns Gott befohlen, von ihm zu bitten?
Alle geistliche und leibliche Nothdurft, welche der Herr Christus begriffen hat in dem Gebet, das Er uns selbst gelehret.
119. What is this prayer?
Our Father who is in heaven, hallowed be your name. Your kingdom come. Your will be done, on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. For yours is the kingdom and the power and the glory, forever. Amen.
119. What are the words of that prayer?
Our Father which art in heaven, hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done on earth, as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread; and forgive us our debts as we forgive our debtors; and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen.
119. What is the Lord's Prayer?
Our Father who art in heaven: Hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread. And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil: For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, forever. Amen.
119. Wie lautet das Gebet des Herrn?
Unser Vater, der du bist in den Himmeln: Geheiliget werde dein Name. Dein Reich komme. Dein Wille geschehe auf Erden, wie im Himmel. Unser täglich Brot gieb uns heute. Und vergieb uns unsere Schulden, wie auch wir vergeben unsern Schuldigern. Und führe uns nicht in Versuchung, sondern erlöse uns vom Bösen. Denn dein ist das Reich, und die Kraft, und die Herrlichkeit in Ewigkeit. Amen.
Lord’s Day 46Our Father
Watch & study120. Why has Christ commanded us to address God as “our Father”?
To awaken in us at the very beginning of our prayer what should be basic to our prayer— a childlike reverence and trust that through Christ God has become our Father, and will much less refuse to give us what we ask in faith than will our parents refuse us the things of this life.
120. Why hath Christ commanded us to address God thus: "Our Father?"
That immediately, in the very beginning of our prayer, he might excite in us a child-like reverence for, and confidence in God, which are the foundation of our prayer: namely, that God has become our Father in Christ, and will much less deny us what we ask of him in true faith, than our parents will refuse us earthly things.
120. Why has Christ commanded us to address God thus: Our Father?
To awaken in us, at the very beginning of our prayer, that filial reverence and trust toward God which are to be the ground of our prayer; namely, that God has become our Father through Christ, and will much less deny us what we ask of him in faith than our parents refuse us earthly things.
120. Warum hat uns Christus befohlen, Gott also anzureden: Unser Vater?
Daß Er gleich im Anfang unsers Gebets in uns erweck die kindliche Furcht und Zuversicht gegen Gott, welche der Grund unseres Gebets sein soll, nämlich, daß Gott unser Vater durch Christum worden sei, und wolle uns viel weniger versagen, warum wir ihn im Glauben bitten, denn unsere Väter uns irdische Dinge abschlagen.
121. Why the words “who is in heaven”?
These words teach us not to think of God’s heavenly majesty in an earthly way, and to expect from his almighty power everything needed for body and soul.
121. Why is it here added, "Which art in heaven?"
Lest we should form any earthly conceptions of God's heavenly majesty, and that we may expect from his almighty power all things necessary for soul and body.
121. Why is it added: Who art in heaven?
That we may have no earthly thought of the heavenly majesty of God, and may expect from his almighty power all things necessary for body and soul.
121. Warum wird hinzugethan: Der du bist in den Himmeln?
Auf daß wir von der himmlichen Majestät Gottes nichts Irdisches gedenken, und von seiner Allmächtigkeit alle Nothdurft Leibes und der Seele gewarten.
Lord’s Day 47Hallowed Be Thy Name
Watch & study122. What does the first petition mean?
“Hallowed be your name” means: Help us to truly know you, to honor, glorify, and praise you for all your works and for all that shines forth from them: your almighty power, wisdom, kindness, justice, mercy, and truth. And it means, Help us to direct all our living— what we think, say, and do— so that your name will never be blasphemed because of us but always honored and praised.
122. Which is the first petition?
"Hallowed be thy name;" that is, grant us first rightly to know thee, and to sanctify, glorify and praise thee, in all thy works, in which thy power, wisdom, goodness, justice, mercy and truth, are clearly displayed; and further, also, that we may so order and direct our whole lives, our thoughts, words and actions, that thy name may never be blasphemed, but rather honoured and praised on our account.
122. What is the first petition?
Hallowed be thy name. That is: Enable us rightly to know thee, and to hallow, magnify, and praise thee in all thy works, in which shine forth thy power, wisdom, goodness, justice, mercy, and truth; and likewise so to order our whole life, in thought, word, and work, that thy name may not be blasphemed, but honored and praised on our account.
122. Was ist die erste Bitte?
Geheiliget werde dein Name; das ist: Gieb uns erstlich, daß wir dich recht erkennen, und dich in allen deinen Werken, in welchen leuchtet deine Allmächtigkeit, Weisheit, Güte, Gerechtigkeit, Barmherzigkeit und Wahrheit, heiligen, rühmen und preisen. Darnach auch, daß wir unser ganzes Leben, Gedanken, Worte und Werke dahin richten, daß dein Name um unsertwillen nicht gelästert, sondern geehret und gepriesen werde.
Lord’s Day 48Thy Kingdom Come
Watch & study123. What does the second petition mean?
“Your kingdom come” means: Rule us by your Word and Spirit in such a way that more and more we submit to you. Preserve and increase your church. Destroy the devil’s work; destroy every force which revolts against you and every conspiracy against your holy Word. Do all this until your kingdom fully comes, when you will be all in all.
123. Which is the second petition?
"Thy Kingdom come;" that is, rule us so by thy word and Spirit, that we may submit ourselves more and more to thee; preserve and increase thy Church; destroy the works of the devil, and all violence which would exalt itself against thee; and also, all wicked counsels devised against thy holy word; till the full perfection of thy kingdom takes place, wherein thou shalt be all in all.
123. What is the second petition?
Thy kingdom come. That is: So govern us by thy Word and Spirit that we may submit ourselves unto thee always more and more; preserve and increase thy Church; destroy the works of the devil, every power that exalteth itself against thee, and all wicked devices formed against thy holy Word, until the full coming of thy kingdom, wherein thou shalt be all in all.
123. Was ist die andere Bitte?
Dein Reich komme; das ist, Regiere uns also durch dein Wort und Geist, daß wir uns dir je länger je mehr unterwerfen; erhalte und mehre deine Kirche, und zerstöre die Werke des Teufels und alle Gewalt, die sich wider dich erhebt, und alle bösen Rathschläge, die wider dein heiliges Wort erdacht werden, bis die Vollkommenheit deines Reichs herzukomme, darin du wirst Alles in Allen sein.
Lord’s Day 49Thy Will Be Done
Watch & study124. What does the third petition mean?
“Your will be done on earth as it is in heaven” means: Help us and all people to renounce our own wills and without any back talk to obey your will, for it alone is good. Help everyone carry out his office and calling, as willingly and faithfully as the angels in heaven.
124. Which is the third petition?
"Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven;" that is, grant that we and all men may renounce our own will, and without murmuring obey thy will, which is only good; that so every one may attend to and perform the duties of his station and calling, as willingly and faithfully as the angels do in heaven.
124. What is the third petition?
Thy will be done in earth as it is in heaven. That is: Grant that we and all men may renounce our own will, and yield ourselves, without gainsaying, to thy will, which alone is good; that so every one may fulfill his office and calling as willingly and truly as the angels do in heaven.
124. Was ist die dritte Bitte?
Dein Wille geschehe auf Erden, wie im Himmel; das ist: Verleihe, daß wir und alle Menschen unserem eigenen Willen absagen, und deinem allein guten Willen, ohne alles Widersprechen, gehorchen; daß also Jedermann sein Amt und Beruf so willig und treulich ausrichte, wie die Engel im Himmel.
Lord’s Day 50Daily Bread
Watch & study125. What does the fourth petition mean?
“Give us this day our daily bread” means: Provide for all our physical needs so that we may recognize that you are the only source of everything good, and that neither our care and work nor your gifts can do us any good without your blessing. Therefore may we withdraw our trust from all creatures and place it in you alone.
125. Which is the fourth petition?
"Give us this day our daily bread;" that is, be pleased to provide us with all things necessary for the body, that we may thereby acknowledge thee to be the only fountain of all good, and that neither our care nor industry, nor even thy gifts can profit us without thy blessing; and therefore that we may withdraw our trust from all creatures, and place it alone in thee.
125. What is the fourth petition?
Give us this day our daily bread. That is: Be pleased to provide for all our bodily need, that we may thereby know that thou art the only fountain of all good, and that without thy blessing neither our care and labor nor thy gifts can profit us, and may therefore withdraw our trust from all creatures, and place it alone in thee.
125. Was ist die vierte Bitte?
Gieb uns heute unser täglich Brot; das ist: Wollest uns mit aller leiblichen Nothdurft versorgen, auf daß wir dadurch erkennen, daß Du der einige Ursprung alles Guten bist, und daß ohne deinen Segen weder unsere Sorgen und Arbeit, noch deine Gaben uns gedeihen, und wir derhalben unser Vertrauen von allen Creaturen abziehen, und allein auf dich setzen.
Lord’s Day 51Forgive Us Our Debts
Watch & study126. What does the fifth petition mean?
“Forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors” means: Because of Christ’s blood, do not impute to us, poor sinners that we are, any of the transgressions we do or the evil that constantly clings to us. Forgive us just as we are fully determined, as evidence of your grace in us, wholeheartedly to forgive our neighbors.
126. Which is the fifth petition?
"And forgive us our debts as we forgive our debtors;" that is, be pleased for the sake of Christ's blood, not to impute to us, poor sinners, our transgressions, nor that depravity which always cleaves to us; even as we feel this evidence of thy grace in us, that it is our firm resolution, from the heart to forgive our neighbour.
126. What is the fifth petition?
And forgive us our debts as we forgive our debtors. That is: Be pleased, for the sake of Christ's blood, not to impute to us, miserable sinners, our manifold transgressions, nor the evil which still always cleaves to us; as we also find this witness of thy grace in us, that it is our full purpose heartily to forgive our neighbor.
126. Was ist die fünfte Bitte?
Vergieb uns unsere Schulden, wie auch wir vergeben unseren Schuldigern; das ist: Wollest uns armen Sündern alle unsere Missethat, auch das Böse, so uns noch immerdar anhänget, um des Bluts Christi willen nicht zurechnen, wie auch wir dieß Zeugniß deiner Gnade in uns finden, daß unser ganzer Vorsatz ist, unserem Nächsten von Herzen zu verzeihen.
Lord’s Day 52Deliver Us From Evil
Watch & study127. What does the sixth petition mean?
“And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil” means: We are so weak that we cannot stand on our own for a moment, and our sworn enemies— the devil, the world, and our own flesh — never stop attacking us. And so, Lord, uphold us and make us strong by the power of your Holy Spirit, so that we may not be defeated in this spiritual fight, but may firmly resist our enemies until we finally win the complete victory.
127. Which is the sixth petition?
"And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil;" that is, since we are so weak in ourselves, that we cannot stand a moment; and besides this, since our mortal enemies, the devil, the world, and our own flesh cease not to assault us; do thou, therefore, preserve and strengthen us by the power of thy Holy Spirit, that we may not be overcome in this spiritual warfare; but constantly and strenuously may resist our foes, till at last we obtain a complete victory.
127. What is the sixth petition?
And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. That is: Since we are so weak in ourselves that we can not stand a moment, while our deadly enemies—the devil, the world, and our own flesh—assail us without ceasing, be pleased to preserve and strengthen us by the power of thy Holy Spirit, that we may make firm stand against them, and not sink in this spiritual war, until we come off at last with complete victory.
127. Was ist die sechste Bitte?
Und führe uns nicht in Versuchung, sondern erlöse uns vom Bösen; das ist: Dieweil wir aus uns selbst so schwach sind, daß wir nicht einen Augenblick bestehen können, und dazu unsere abgesagten Feinde, der Teufel, die Welt, und unser eigen Fleisch, nicht aufhören uns anzufechten: so wollest Du uns erhalten und stärken durch die Kraft deines Heiligen Geistes, auf daß wir ihnen mögen festen Widerstand thun, und in diesem geistlichen Streit nicht unterliegen, bis daß wir endlich den Sieg vollkommen behalten.
128. How do you conclude this prayer?
“For yours is the kingdom and the power and the glory forever.” This means we have made all these petitions of you because, as our all-powerful king, you are both willing and able to give us all that is good; and because your holy name, and not we ourselves, should receive all the praise, forever.
128. How dost thou conclude thy prayer?
"For thine is the kingdom, and the power and the glory for ever;" that is, all these we ask of thee, because thou, being our King and almighty, art willing and able to give us all good; and all this we pray for, that thereby not we, but thy holy name may be glorified for ever.
128. How do you close this Prayer?
For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, forever. That is: All this we ask of thee, because as our King, having power over all things, thou art both willing and able to give us all good, and that thereby not we but thy holy name may be glorified forever.
128. Wie beschließest du dieß Gebet?
Denn dein ist das Reich, und die Kraft, und die Herrlichkeit in Ewigkeit; das ist, Solches alles bitten wir darum von Dir, weil Du, als unser König, und aller Dinge mächtig, uns alles Gute geben willst und kannst, und daß dadurch nicht wir, sondern Dein heiliger Name ewig soll gepriesen werden.
129. What does that little word “Amen” express?
“Amen” means: This shall truly and surely be! For it is much more certain that God has heard my prayer than I feel in my heart that I desire such things from him.
129. What doth the word "Amen" signify?
"Amen" signifies, it shall truly and certainly be; for my prayer is more assuredly heard of God, than I feel in my heart that I desire these things of him.
129. What is the meaning of the word Amen?
Amen means: So shall it truly and surely be. For my prayer is much more certainly heard of God than I feel in my heart that I desire these things of him.
129. Was bedeutet das Wörtlein: Amen?
Amen heißt: das soll wahr und gewiß sein; denn mein Gebet viel gewisser von Gott erhöret ist, denn ich in meinem Herzen fühle, daß ich solches von ihm begehre.
Modern English (the text the site has used): As published on reformedconfessions.org (Wix) · Traditional (the old Reformed Dutch translation, first printed 1767; 1873 printing): Heidelberg Catechism in "The Doctrinal Standards and Liturgy of the Reformed Church in America", bound with "Hymns of the Church" (New York: A. S. Barnes & Co., 1873), Doctrinal Standards pp. 3-26; scan: https://archive.org/details/hymnsofchurchwit00refo . OCR corrected word by word against three other scans of the same Reformed Protestant Dutch Church text in "The Psalms and Hymns, with the Doctrinal Standards and Liturgy" (New York: Board of Publication of the R.P.D.C., 1859/1860): https://archive.org/details/psaswithd00refo , https://archive.org/details/psalmshymnswithd00refo_1 , https://archive.org/details/psalmshymnswithdlr00refo . Wording is the traditional English translation of the Dutch Reformed churches in America, first printed in "The Psalms of David ... also, the Catechism, Confession of Faith, Liturgy, &c., translated from the Dutch" (New York: James Parker, 1767; https://archive.org/details/davidw00refo), and the parent of the text later printed by the CRC (1914 Psalter) and used by the PRCA, Heritage Reformed and Netherlands Reformed churches; it differs from those later printings in small details. Lord's Day numbers follow the standard division. The print has proof texts, but they are not included. · The American Tercentenary translation (1863), as printed by Schaff (1877): Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom, vol. III: The Evangelical Protestant Creeds (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1877; 4th ed. revised 1919), pp. 307-355, "The Heidelberg Catechism, A.D. 1563", German and English in parallel columns. Transcription: Christian Classics Ethereal Library, https://ccel.org/ccel/schaff/creeds3 (ThML file https://ccel.org/ccel/s/schaff/creeds3.xml, section iv.vi; CCEL's scan is the Baker reprint of the 4th edition). Schaff's English is the translation of the American Tercentenary Edition (New York: Scribner, 1863), which he printed with small changes. Schaff has no Lord's Day divisions; they are assigned from the standard division. Schaff prints Q. 80 in parentheses, and the passages added in the third German edition in square brackets; the parentheses are dropped here, the brackets kept. No proof texts in this source. · Heidelberger Katechismus (1563), the German text as printed by Schaff: Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom, vol. III: The Evangelical Protestant Creeds (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1877; 4th ed. revised 1919), pp. 307-355, "The Heidelberg Catechism, A.D. 1563", German and English in parallel columns. Transcription: Christian Classics Ethereal Library, https://ccel.org/ccel/schaff/creeds3 (ThML file https://ccel.org/ccel/s/schaff/creeds3.xml, section iv.vi; CCEL's scan is the Baker reprint of the 4th edition). German column of the same table: the 1563 text with modernized 19th-century spelling, as edited by Schaff. Words in square brackets are Schaff's marks (additions of the 1563 third edition, or his notes). Lord's Day numbers assigned from the standard division.